1 / 20

Human Population

Human Population. Chapter 9. Population success. Thailand had uncontrolled growth 3.2% in 1971 According to the rule of 70, how long until their population doubles? That’s right 21.9 years, and yes, that is really, really fast

colin-schwartz
Download Presentation

Human Population

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Human Population Chapter 9

  2. Population success • Thailand had uncontrolled growth 3.2% in 1971 • According to the rule of 70, how long until their population doubles? • That’s right 21.9 years, and yes, that is really, really fast • Thanks to some intervention and education, a major tragedy was averted

  3. Good job Thailand • How did they do it • Government supported family planning • High literacy rate among women • Increase in economic role of women • Better health care for mothers/children • Responsive public • Flexible government to try different approaches • Cooperation of cultural/religious leaders

  4. Population change • (Birth + immigration) – (death + emigration) • ZPG • World growth rate as of 2000 is 1.35% • Down from 2.2% in 1963

  5. Moving in the right direction, but • Slower does not mean slow • We are still scheduled to double in 52 years • We are adding 82 million people per year, roughly a New York every month, a Germany every year, a united states every 4 years • How will this affect resource use?

  6. Let’s have a baby • Replacement level fertility – number of children to replace parents 2.0 in theory, but most developing countries it is 2.1 to as high as 2.5 due to infant mortality • Total fertility rate – average number of children women have. Currently 2.9, which means in 150 years there will be 296 billion people !!!!

  7. World 5 children per women 2.9 Developed countries 2.5 1.5 Developing countries 6.5 3.2 Africa 6.6 5.3 Latin America 5.9 2.8 Asia 5.9 2.8 Oceania 3.8 2.4 North America 3.5 2.0 Europe 2.6 1.4 Fig. 11.7, p. 241 2000 1950

  8. Key factors for TFR • Children as labor force • Urbanization • Cost of raising and educating • Education and employment for women • Infant mortality rate • Average age at marriage

  9. Factors affecting death rates • Food supply • Nutrition • Medical improvements • Sanitation • Drinking water improvements

  10. Age structure diagram • Usually broken into three categories • Prereproductive 0-14 • Reproductive 15-44 • Post reproductive 45-dead • The shape of the age structure diagram is useful in determining future growth

  11. Male Female Male Female Rapid Growth Guatemala Nigeria Saudi Arabia Slow Growth United States Australia Canada Fig. 11.16a, p. 247 Ages 0-14 Ages 15-44 Ages 45-85+

  12. Male Female Male Female Zero Growth Spain Austria Greece NegativeGrowth Germany Bulgaria Sweden Fig. 11.16b, p. 247 Ages 0-14 Ages 15-44 Ages 45-85+

  13. Demographic transition • As countries become industrialized their death rates decrease and their population grows • Later their birth rates decrease and population stabilizes

  14. High 80 70 60 50 Birth rate and death rate (number per 1,000 per year) Relative population size 40 30 20 10 Low 0 Time Stage 1 Preindustrial Stage 2 Transitional Stage 3 Industrial Stage 4 Postindustrial Birth rate Death rate Total population Low growth rate Increasing Growth growth rate Very high growth rate Decreasing growth rate Low growth rate Zero growth rate Negative growth rate Fig. 11.26, p. 255

  15. Demographic transition • Preindustrial • Stable population – high birth/death rate • Poor living conditions • Low per capita income • Poor sanitation • High infant mortality • Low use of birth control

  16. Demographic transition • Transitional • Industrialization begins • Increased food supply • Better sanitation/healthcare • Infant mortality drops sharply • Birth rate still high (culture) • Population grows rapidly (2.5-3% a year)

  17. Demographic transition • Industrial • Industrialization is widespread • Per capita income is up • Birthrate decreases sharply • Birth rate approaches death rate • Slow population growth • Most developed countries are in this phase

  18. Demographic transition • Postindustrial • Birth/death rates are equal • Population stabilizes or even drops slightly • Most of Europe is here • 85% of the world still needs to reach this stage

  19. India China Percentage of world population 16% 21% Population (2000) 1 billion 1.3 billion Population (2025) (estimated) 1.4 billion 1.4 billion Illiteracy (%of adults) 47% 17% Population under age 15(%) 36% 25% Population growth rate (%) 1.8% 0.9% Total fertility rate 3.3 children per woman (down from 5.3 in 1970) 1.8 children per woman (down from 5.7 in 1972) Infant mortality rate 72 31 Life expectancy 61 years 71 years Fig. 11.29, p. 257 GNP per capita (1998) $440 $750

  20. Infrastructure • How will the increasing population affect each nations infrastructure? • Homes • Jobs • Transportation • Food supply • Taxes • Schools • Energy needs • Resource needs

More Related