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Reminder-what are traits?

Reminder-what are traits?. Traits are qualities or features of organisms. These traits distinguish the organism. So-what is the difference between acquired and inherited?.

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Reminder-what are traits?

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  1. Reminder-what are traits? • Traits are qualities or features of organisms. These traits distinguish the organism.

  2. So-what is the difference between acquired and inherited? • Acquired includes things like calluses on fingers, larger muscle size from exercise or stronger hearts from running away quickly to avoid predators. • Inherited is a trait that came from a parent or other ancestor. It can be your hair color, eye color, muscle structure, bone structure, shape of your nose or forehead. It could be long legs, big feet, small hands, etc.

  3. The Structure of DNA Mr. Coleman Biology

  4. DNA • DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid • DNAis often called the blueprint of life.

  5. Why do we study DNA? We study DNA for many reasons… • its central importance to all life on Earth, • medical benefits such as cures for diseases, • better food crops.

  6. Better food and health…How? There is a Dr. Charles Arntzen who is working on bioengineering foods with vaccines in them. People in poor countries could be immunized against diseases just by eating a banana, for instance.

  7. Our genes are on our chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of a chemical called DNA. Everything is located in the nucleus. Chromosomes and DNA

  8. The Shape of the Molecule • The basic shape is like a twisted ladder or zipper. • This is called a double helix.

  9. The Double Helix Molecule • The DNA double helix has two strands twisted together.

  10. One Strand of DNA phosphate • The backbone of the molecule is alternating phosphateand deoxyribose, a sugar, parts. • The teeth are nitrogenousbases. deoxyribose bases

  11. One Strand of DNA nucleotide • One strand of DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. • One strand of DNA has many millions of nucleotides.

  12. Four nitrogenous bases DNA has four different bases: • Cytosine C • Thymine T • Adenine A • Guanine G

  13. Lets practice. . . . . • Write down this pattern: • A • C • G • T • G • G • T • C • C Now write the matching pair • A • A • T

  14. The answer is------ • T • G • G • G • C • C • A

  15. N N C N C C C N N C Two Kinds of Bases in DNA N • Pyrimidines are single ring bases. • Purines are double ring bases. N C O C C N C

  16. Two Stranded DNA • Remember, DNA has two strands that fit together something like a zipper. • The teeth are the nitrogenous bases or A-G-C-T

  17. Important: Adenine and Thymine always join together A T Cytosine and Guanine always join together C G

  18. The earth is 150 billion meters or 93 million miles from the sun. DNA by the numbers • If you unravel all the DNA in the chromosomes of one of your cells, it would stretch out 2 meters. • The average human has 75 trillion cells. • The average human has enough DNA to go from the earth to the sun more than 400 times.

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