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IMPORTANT REMINDER

IMPORTANT REMINDER. Did you have evidence that you completed 24 game questions? (3 topics X 8 questions). Topic 4: The Crusades. Series of Medieval “Holy” Wars 1095-1291. See Page 1 : Introduction – relevance today?. Upcoming Critical Thinking Activity.

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  1. IMPORTANT REMINDER • Did you have evidence that you completed 24 game questions? (3 topics X 8 questions)

  2. Topic 4: The Crusades Series of Medieval “Holy” Wars 1095-1291

  3. See Page 1 : Introduction – relevance today?

  4. Upcoming Critical Thinking Activity • Due January 25th • To what extent could the crusades be justified? • OR • Was the medieval church make a more postive or negative impact on Europe and the world?

  5. Medieval art of crusades

  6. Crusader Medieval European Christian Warrior involved in a religious war

  7. Crusades • Medieval European Church’s attempt to reclaim Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims. (p.1); almost 20crusades • lasted almost 200 years: 1095 – 1291 (P.2) • several hundred thousand Europeans participated • Involved: Franks, Saxons, Normans, and Italians • knights, Lords (Dukes,Barons), and Kings • Mammoth undertaking! Religious wars!

  8. Mediterranean Sea

  9. Read on own : Background Before Crusades: 800 AD - 1095 • Europe was building Cathedrals, churches, monasteries, especially the Frank Kingdom Roman Catholic Church was growing in power, land, wealth from: • 1. tithes, indulgences, and generous gifts • 2. strict rules and expectations • 3. harsh punishments of the inquisition; fear • 4. being political players/ leaders and more….

  10. Why did Church call the crusades? • request from Constantinople, Byzantine empire • center of Byzantine or Orthodox Church • Muslim warriors had moved up from Arabia long ago (600’s) and had slowly taken over many lands, including the Holy Land and Jerusalem (called Saracenes or Seljuk Turks) * Muslim warriors had just defeated the Byzantine army about a decade earlier in the 1070’s

  11. Islam and Muslims • 610 Mohammed started Islam • followers called Muslims • one true god: Allah • (God of Ishmaelites, Abraham and Hagar) • holy cities: Mecca and Jerusalem • holy book: Koran • pray 5 times/day, fast during Ramadan, • make a pilgrimage to Mecca, give money to • poor,

  12. Islam and Muslims • Pray facing Mecca on carpets at designated times • In beautiful dome shaped worship places called Mosques • Called to prayer by a muezzin who stands in a tower called a mineret

  13. Dharhan Mosque close to where Levi’s grandparents lived in Saudi Arabia back in 1978-1985

  14. Watch short clips about Islam • Islamic Call to Prayer 0:00 - whenever • Cry of the Muslims Call to Prayer in Saudi Arabia 0:00 -0:45

  15. mos

  16. Watch short clip • Jerusalem’s Three faiths 0:00 – 1:54 • First, Jewish religion of the Hebrews (1200 BC ) • Then, Christianity ( 33 AD ) • Then, Muslims (600’s AD )

  17. Page 4 • Mohammed also taught concept of jihad: to struggle in the way of god ( also means to struggle against the ways of non-Muslims) • Muslim rulers: caliphs, who led many battles to spread religion and expand area • Medieval muslim warriors (next slides) • By 750 AD caliphs established vast Islamic Empire, including northern India, middle east, north Africa, southern Spain • (Spaniards would have their own crusades)

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