Events leading to Revolution American Identity

1. Events leading to RevolutionAmerican Identity Ch. 5 - 6

2. Standard

3. Essential Question What events created tension between Britain & the colonies, leading to Revolution ( independence)? • Relationship • Conflict • Change

4. Why did the American colonists have the rights of Englishmen? • American Colonists = British subjects living in America • Brought ideas from Great Britain • The colonists experiences with British government influenced what they thought about limited government. • The colonists expected their government to preserve their rights as English subjects.

5. Salutary Neglect • Colonies were far away • Great Britain paying little attention & interfering little with the colonies • Colonists used to act on their own = ruling themselves

6. British or American?? • to far away ( Salutary Neglect) • As the years past, the colonial government took on more power and responsibility. • The British colonists were living as Americans • They were building: Towns / Churches / Roads / schools / their own government • Colonies formed own elected assemblies/ representatives ( similar to House of Commons) • House of Burgesses ( Virginia) • Imposed taxes • Managed colonies • Colonies governed themselves, but England still had authority over them

7. British or American?? 2. At first the British government was content at leaving the colonies alone. ( Salutary neglect) 3. But as the colonies grew more successful, Great Britain saw them as a source of great wealth. ( Mercantilism) 4. In the mid-1700s the action of Parliament led to a series of events that made some colonists see themselves as real Americans. 1. They built a thriving economy and learned they could settle their own problems without the help of Britain.

8. Revolution = changes by force….. CONFLICT Events leading to revolution

9. 1. Money in the Colonies • During the late 1600s and 1700s, the government of Great Britain followed a policy of mercantilism.

10. 1. Mercantilism • The theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys. • The British thought this would bring wealth. • This wealth would then be used to develop the nation’s industry and navy. • For the policy to work, Britain needed a source of cheap materials with which to manufacture goods. • So after ignoring the American colonies for many years, the British government began to realize the value of the colonies.

11. 1. Mercantilism & Navigation Acts Navigation Acts • Tighter British control • 1650-1696 • By British Parliament • Laws – limiting & controlling trade within colonies • British policy was to squeeze as much wealth as possible out of America. • Supported system of Mercantilism • Parliament passed a series of laws that required the colonies to sell raw materials to Britain at low prices. • The colonists also had to buy British goods at higher prices. • English ships only • English ports • certain products sold only to England

12. 2. Great Awakening • 1730’s & 1740’s in America • Religious movement • Questioning • Individual worth • Thoughts of Equality • Religious / spiritual • Social • Right to challenge authority • Started changing ideas of colonists & led to social fervor - prepare them to break away from England

13. 3.French & Indian War : New land – debts & taxes • The situation became worse. • After 1763 Britain fought a long, expensive war with France and had gone into debt. • To pay its heavy war debts, Britain began to place heavy taxes on the American colonies.

14. 3. Problems with France • England VS. France • Problems over land & fur trade

15. Albany Plan – “Join or Die” • During problems w/ France • Plan by colonists • “Albany Plan” • Meeting in Albany, NY • Invite Colonists to join to fight against a common enemy (French) • Political Cartoon • By Ben Franklin

16. 3. French & Indian War • What? French & Indian War • When? 1754-1763 • Who? British / Colonists/ Native American Allies VS French / colonists/ Native American Allies • Why? (Cause) • Land ( Ohio River Valley ) • power/ trade • Winner? British

17. French & Indian War - Consequences • Consequences? Outcomes or Effects • Treaty of Paris of 1763 • End of war – England won • France lost their land: England obtain new land in America: Britain claimed all land east of Mississippi River

18. 4. After the French & Indian WarProclamation Act of 1763 • Problems with Native Americans • Colonists moving across mountains into Native American lands • Proclamation Act of 1763 • Prohibits colonist to settle / move west to Appalachian Mountains • Official declaration by King of England & Parliament • 1763 – after French & Indian War • Banned British settlers west of Appalachian Mountains • Why? To avoid problems with Indians • Colonists were angry / will ignored it

19. VISUAL – Reading NOTESRead Ch. 6 : Workbook pages 53-56 or textbook pages 159- 171 Create visual notes explaining the events that created conflict between the British & colonists, and some tools of protest used by the colonists

20. After the French & Indian War:Tighter British Control New land New debts New taxes in the colonies

21. Opposition to British policiesColonists complaints • Colonists … “Britain threatening our rights” • “ We are British subjects” “ We have rights” • No taxation without consent • “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION” • Colonists didn’t have representatives in Parliament • Taxes take away their freedoms & rights • Against their rights as British citizens

22. Colonial Resistance • Protests • Tea Party • Boycotts- refuse to buy • Committees of Correspondence • Communication within colonies ( letters) • Petition to the King • Asking the King what they wanted • Secret Societies ( “underground” groups) • Sons of Liberty • Daughters of Liberty

23. Boston Massacre - 1770 • Protest – went wrong • Tension between troops & colonists • Violent event • Soldiers fire • 5 colonists dead • 1st time that British troops had killed colonists • Used as propaganda • Anti-British feelings • Video Clip

24. Conflicts Continue • Problems between Britain and its colonies continue…. • Day of Boston Massacre a proposal to repeal the Townshend Acts • All taxes except one were eventually repealed • Tax on Tea – Tea Act ( new law)

25. Tea Act - 1773 • Continuation of taxation • To show who is boss! • Tax on tea

26. Boston Tea Party:Colonial Response to Tea Act • Protest ( Sons of Liberty) • Disguised as Native Americans • Dumped British tea in the Boston harbor

27. British response to the Boston Tea Party: Intolerable or Coercive Acts • This did not help the situation. Parliament passed a new series of laws, which the American called the Intolerable Acts • 1774 • Series of laws to punish Boston, Massachusetts • Mass. Must pay tea • A warning to other colonies • Closed port of Boston • Banned committees of correspondence • Took other rights from colonists (no trial by jury) • Force colonists to house British troops (Quartering Act - AGAIN!!!)

28. Colonists response to the Intolerable Acts: 1st Continental Congress • The colonies will join, and offer their support to Massachusetts , sending food, clothing, etc. • Communication & Unity within the colonies – Committees of Correspondence • Called a meeting to discuss what to do next- First Continental Congress