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Drone Armament

Drone Armament. Nathan Krussel. Conventional Standard load out of military UCAV’s Firearms, C onventional explosives, Non-lethal Biological/Chemical No confirmed uses T hreats have been made to use them Hezbollah in Syria London Olympics Nuclear No confirmed uses

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Drone Armament

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  1. Drone Armament Nathan Krussel

  2. Conventional • Standard load out of military UCAV’s • Firearms, Conventional explosives, Non-lethal • Biological/Chemical • No confirmed uses • Threats have been made to use them • Hezbollah in Syria • London Olympics • Nuclear • No confirmed uses • No known threat to use nuclear armament on a UCAV • The “heavier” UAV’s are capable of carrying a nuclear payload Types of Weapons

  3. Prior to the 1980’s no UAV’s had been designed as UCAV (unmanned combat aerial vehicle) • The DSI R4E-30 was the first UCAV and was designed specifically to carry 2.75 inch viper rockets • The Lockheed Missiles and Space Company produced the Aquila • Designed as a laser designator in 1978 First Combat Drones

  4. There wasn’t really any major advancement in multi-use strike drones • The UCAV advancement before the predator resembled rockets, as they were onetime use payloads themselves • RAE Larynx was a British guided anti-ship weapon. One time use • The major breakthrough catalyst in multi use UCAV research was the MQ-1 predator • Most advancement and production in UCAV’s has been since the mid 1990’s Combat Drones up to now

  5. These are the countries with known operational armed drones • Azerbaijan • Botswana • Brazil • Columbia • China • Croatia • Cyprus • France • German • India • Iran • Ireland • Israel • Italy • Mexico • North Korea • Pakistan • Singapore • Russia • Taiwan • Tunisia • Turkey • United Kingdom • United States Countries with UCAV

  6. MQ-1 Predator (1994) • IAI RQ-5 Hunter (1995) • Elbit Hermes 450 (1998) • IAI HARPY (Early 2000’s) • MQ-9 Reaper (2001) • MQ-8B Fire Scout (2002) • BAE HERTI-Fury (2006) • Predator-C Avenger (2009) • Elbit Hermes 900 (2009) UCAV’s under review

  7. Initial Created for reconnaissance, quickly was fitted with weapons. • First drone in history to engage with a conventional aircraft • 2002 with a Iraqi MIG-25, predator was destroyed • Max Takeoff weight: 1020kg (2250 lbs) • Empty: 512 kg, loaded: 1020kg • Performance • Range 1100 km (675 mi) • Endurance 24 hours • Armament • 2 hard points • 2 Hellfire Missiles • 4 Stinger Missiles • 6 Griffin air to surface missiles MQ-1 Predator (1994)

  8. Designed and still primarily used as a reconnaissance UAV • Is capable of carrying payloads, but hasn’t be tested with a weapon payload, but has been used with different types of communication gear, and a laser designator • Performance • Range 260km (162 mi) • Endurance: 11.6 hours • Payload: 90 kg (198 lbs) • Armament • Laser designator • Communications relay (extends VHF/UHF range) • Communications Jammer IAI RQ-5 Hunter (1995)

  9. Designed as a medium sized multi-payload vehicle with a primary mission of reconnaissance and communications relay • Israel has armed with two hellfire missiles. • Performance • Range: 300 km • Endurance: 17 hours • Payload: 180 kg • Armament • No defined hard points • Has been modified to accept 2 missiles. Elbit Hermes 450 (1998)

  10. A UAV designed to detect, identify, and destroy radar emitters. • Constantly searches for radar emitters, then identifies, if hostile attacks the target • Finds target, then flies into the hostile radar emitter and destructs on impact • Performance • Range: 500 km • Endurance: several hours • Payload: self • Armament • Self • 32kg (70 lb) high explosive warhead IAI HARPY (Early 2000’s)

  11. Successor to the MQ-1 predator, also known as predator B • Designed from the ground up to be an attack strike drone, is bigger and has more power than the original MQ-1 • First test flight in 2001, air force finally owned 9 reapers by 2007 • Performance • Range: 1850 km (1150 mi) • Endurance: 14 hours • Payload: 1700kg (3800 lbs) • Armament • 7 hard points • 14 hellfire missiles • 4 hellfire missiles and two 500lb Paveway II laser guided bombs • 4 hellfire missiles and two 500lb JDAM bombs • Currently testing support for stinger missiles MQ-9 Reaper (2001)

  12. A fully autonomous helicopter that operates with zero human interaction required • A surveillance (RQ-8A), weapon laden (MQ-8B), and cargo carrier (MQ-8C) • One of the few VTOL UCAV’s • Performance: • Combat Radius: 203.7km with 5+ hours on station • Endurance: 8 hours typical, 5 hours fully loaded • Payload: 272kg (600 lbs) • Armament: • Hellfire Missiles • Viper Strike Laser-guided glide weapons • Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) MQ-8B Fire Scout (2002)

  13. Based of the HERTI-1D platform • Is a very light system, with no weapons attached is 350kg • Not much has been released by the British military about it. • Performance • Range: 28 km • Endurance: 20 hours • Payload: 150 kg (330 lb) • Armament: • Twin Thales Lightweight Multi-role Missiles (LMM) BAE HERTI-Fury (2006)

  14. First test flight was April 4th 2009 • Powered by a turbofan engine (MQ-1 and MQ-9 are not) • Added stealth design to help reduce detection. • Has a tail 1 and tail 2 variant • Performance (tail 2): • Range: Unknown • Endurance: 18 hours • Payload: 2900 kg (6500 lb) • Armament: • Internal and external weapon mounting • Hellfire missiles • GBU-SDB (small diameter bomb) 250 lb • GBU-12 Paveway II or GBU-38 JDAM 500 lb • GBU-16 Paveway II or GBU-32 JDAM 1000 lb • GBU-31 JDAM 2000 lb Predator-C Avenger (2009)

  15. Israeli Medium sized multi-payload UAV • Primarily designed for reconnaissance and communications relay. • No confirmed reports of arming the Hermes 900 • Performance • Range: “unlimited” • Endurance: 36 hours • Payload: 350 kg • Armament: • No confirmed arming • States multiple hard points, and 250 kg modular installation bay Elbit Hermes 900 (2009)

  16. The UAV’s are currently equipped with conventional munitions • Both the Predator C and the Reaper are capable of carrying a nuclear weapon. The B83 Nuclear bomb weighs approximately 1100 kg (2400 lb) and can yield 1.2 megatons of TNT. • Biochemical weapons are much lighter than conventional munitions and all the UCAV’s listed would be capable of this payload. • Many other non-conventional payloads could be used, but many would probably be prohibited by the Geneva convention. • Even the reconnaissance only UAV’s could be retrofitted for use with lighter weaponry, but range and endurance may be affected. Alternative Payloads

  17. Vanguard Defense created the Shadowhawk helicopter UAV. • Cheap compared to military UCAV’s and starts at $300,000 • Is made in 4 main configurations, the top two are available for military purchase only • Performance • Range: 24 km (15 mi) • Endurance: up to 3 hours • Payload: 10 kg (22 lb) • Armament • 40mm, 6 chamber grenade launchers • 12g Shotgun • Non-lethal weapons • Gas rounds from the grenade launcher • Bean bag/rubber bullets • Possibly a Stun gun as was suggested. Weaponizable Police Drone

  18. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-1_Predator • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RQ-5_Hunter • http://www.army-technology.com/projects/hunter/ • http://www.elbitsystems.com/elbitmain/area-in2.asp?parent=3&num=32&num2=32 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbit_Hermes_450 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAI_Harpy • http://defense-update.com/directory/harpy.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper • http://www.dote.osd.mil/pub/reports/fy2012/pdf/af/2012mq9reaperuas.pdf • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_MQ-8_Fire_Scout • http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/firescout/Pages/default.aspx • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems_Fury • http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/hertiuav/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_Avenger • http://www.elbitsystems.com/elbitmain/area-in2.asp?parent=3&num=31&num2=31 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbit_Hermes_900 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B83_nuclear_bomb • vanguarddefense.com/specifications/‎ • http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2140173/Poison-drones-new-Olympic-threat-warns-Colonel-charge-keeping-London-calm.html • http://www.newenglishreview.org/custpage.cfm/frm/140408/sec_id/140408 • http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/OP37.pdf Sourcesused Wikipedia as a reference list to many sources

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