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Heredity

Heredity. Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction Differences. Asexual. Sexual. Requires only one parent Offspring have 100% the same chromosomes as the parent Most unicellular organisms use. Requires two parents that each share ½ of the genetic info.

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Heredity

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  1. Heredity

  2. Asexual vs. Sexual ReproductionDifferences Asexual Sexual • Requires only one parent • Offspring have 100% the same chromosomes as the parent • Most unicellular organisms use • Requires two parents that each share ½ of the genetic info. • Offspring share the characteristics of the parents • Meiosis • Can happen internally or externally this form of reproduction

  3. Asexual and Sexual Reproduction similarities Types of reproduction in living organisms. Pass DNA from parent to offspring.

  4. Traits • Every organism inherits a unique combination of traits. • DNA is a set of instructions that specifies the traits of an organism. • Variations in the DNA lead to the inheritance of different traits.

  5. Punnett Square • One of the easiest ways to calculate the mathematical probability of inheriting a specific trait is by using a Punnett Square • The Punnett Square was invented by Reginald Punnett in the 20th Century

  6. Punnett Square a A AA Aa A a Aa aa

  7. Chromosomes • Chromosomes are thread-like structures located in the nucleus of plant and animal cells. • Comes from Greek words for color (Chroma) and body (Soma) • Vary in shape and number among living things. • The DNA molecules are found in the chromosomes.

  8. What do chromosomes do? • Chromosomes keep DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins (histones) • Part of the process that ensure DNA is accurately copied and distributed in the vast majority of cell divisions • Changes in number/structure of chromosomes in new cells may lead to serious problems.

  9. Heredity and Reproduction Description • Reproduction is characteristic of living things and is essential for the survival of species • Genetic information is passed from generation to generation by DNA; DNA controls the traits of an organism. • Changes in the DNA of an organism can cause changes in traits, and manipulation of DNA in organisms has led to genetically modified organisms.

  10. Cells Cells are the structural and functional units of all living organisms. Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell. Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular, or have many cells—an estimated 100,000,000,000,000 cells! PLANT CELL

  11. QUESTIONS Q) How many genes are in 23 Chromosomes? A) 30,000 Q) Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction. A) Asexual requires only one parent, while sexual requires two parents. They both involve passing DNA from parent(s) to offspring.

  12. Q) Explain the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms. • Unicellular organisms consist of one cell, and multicellular organism consist of multiple cells. • Q) Describe three things that chromosomes do. • A) Chromosomes keep DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins (histones), • Part of the process that ensure DNA is accurately copied and distributed in the vast majority of cell divisions, • Changes in number/structure of chromosomes in new cells may lead to serious problems.

  13. Sources http://www.mlms.loganschools.org/~ksorensen/Genetics/Asexual%20vs%20Sexual%20Reproduction%20PowerPoint.pptxhttp://teach.genetics.utah.edu/content/heredity/html/recipe.htmlhttp://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/mendel_2.htmhttp://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/basics/chromosome http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/About/primer/genetics_cell.html http://www.genome.gov/26524120

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