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How do Organisms Reproduce? textbook pages 127 - 139

How do Organisms Reproduce? textbook pages 127 - 139. Mr. Jeff Peterson Fulbright Teacher from Indiana, USA. Why Reproduce?. Necessary to maintain life… Respiratory System Digestive System Nervous System Immune System Excretory System

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How do Organisms Reproduce? textbook pages 127 - 139

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  1. How do Organisms Reproduce?textbook pages 127 - 139 Mr. Jeff Peterson Fulbright Teacher from Indiana, USA

  2. Why Reproduce? • Necessary to maintain life… • Respiratory System • Digestive System • NervousSystem • Immune System • Excretory System • Why reproduce when it is not necessary to maintain life?

  3. Reproduction • Class IX review: • Nucleus contain DNA • DNA is used to make proteins • Sequence of DNA are chromosomes • Chromosomes = genetic information

  4. Reproduction • Class IX review: • Amino acids (A-T, C-G)= Letters • Genes (traits) = Words • Chromosomes = Sentences • DNA = Pages or Instructions

  5. Reproduction • Reproduction is the creation of a DNA copy • Genetic photocopy… • Genetic variation is also important…

  6. Reproduction • Role of variation • Variation is the raw material of natural or artificial selection • Earth is a dynamic ecosystem

  7. Reproduction

  8. Reproduction • Variation ensures life/species will go on

  9. Reproduction • Conflict then is maintaining high variation while ensuring a good copy of the DNA • Classic example = Peppered Moth

  10. Reproduction • Reproduction (Asexual) • Fission (single celled organisms) • Binary and Multiple • Fragmentation (simple multicellular organisms) • Regeneration (simple multicellular organisms) • Budding (simple multicellular organisms) • Vegetative Propagation (plants) • Spore Formation (single/multicellular organisms)

  11. Reproduction • Vegetative Propagation • Asexual reproduction in plants. • Plants can bear fruit sooner. • Propagation of plants that no longer seed. • Examples = banana, rose, jasmine…

  12. Reproduction • Vegetative Propagation • Asexual reproduction in plants. • Example: Bryophyllum leaf with buds

  13. Reproduction • Spore Formation

  14. Reproduction • Spore Formation

  15. Reproduction • Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction?

  16. Reproduction • Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction? • Many organisms can reproduce sexually as well as asexually • Examples Sea Anemone, Star Fish

  17. Reproduction • Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction? • Under good conditions? • abundant food supply • adequate shelter • favorable climate • optimum pH • proper mix of other lifestyle requirements

  18. Reproduction • Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction? • Under poor conditions? • food sources have been depleted • the climate becomes hostile • individual survival is jeopardized by some other adverse change in living conditions

  19. Reproduction • Review Questions Page 133 • How does binary fission differ from multiple fission? • How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores? • Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through regeneration? • Why is vegetative propagation practiced for growing some types of plants? • Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?

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