130 likes | 324 Views
A corpus-based study of actually and basically in Singapore English. Paul Doyle and David Deterding National Institute of Education, Singapore.
E N D
A corpus-based study of actually and basically in Singapore English Paul Doyle and David Deterding National Institute of Education, Singapore
Actually we were there in Hokkaido around one week and … actually in between we were actually quite safe although there’s a snow storm there … but erm those flights before us and those flights after us they could not actually land.
to see the penguin you have to you have to actually wake up very early in the morning ... to actually go down there and actually view the penguins … so I guess a lot of people didn't actually want to do it ... yeah
actually and basically are both very common in SgE. They are also common in BrE.
tones on initial actually • note: many BrE tokens had no tone
average F0 movement on basically • note : there are only 3 SgE final tokens
boosted pitch • SgE tends to have early “boosted “ pitch • actually and basically seem to carry this booster • maybe the function of these words in SgE is to carry the booster
Conclusions • SgE actually and basically tend to occur earlier than BrE tokens • SgE tokens tend to have rising intonation • the purpose may be to carry the early “booster” of SgE • SgE intonation has its own special patterns