Energy Resources Ch. 5 Pg.102

1. Energy ResourcesCh. 5 Pg.102

2. 1. NaturalResources: Any natural material that is used by humans. Ex.: Water, petroleum, forests, minerals, and animals.

3. A. Renewable Resource: a natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resource is consumed. Ex.: Trees, water, wind, sun.

4. B. Non-renewable resource: a resource that forms at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which it is consumed. Ex.: Coal, petroleum, natural gas.

5. Conserving natural resources:Using them only when necessary. Ex.: Turn on the water facet only to rinse when brushing your teeth.

6. Energy Conservation: Use only what you need, don’t waste it. Ex.: Turn off the lights, ride a bike, make sure the washing machine or dishwasher are full.

7. 3 R’s: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. (Recycling): the process of recovering valuable or useful materials from waste or scrap. Ex.: Newspapers, tin cans, aluminum, glass, plastic etc.

8. FossilFuels: A nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago. (There are 3 types).

9. A. Liquid Fossil Fuels: Petroleum: (known as crude oil) A liquid mixture of complex hydro carbons used as a fuel source. Ex’s.: Gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel.

10. Gaseous Fossil Fuels: NaturalGas: a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons, located near petroleum, & used as a fuel. Ex.: methane, butane, propane.

11. C. Solid Fossil Fuels: Coal: a fossil fuel that forms from partially decomposed plant material, used to be used to heat homes, run trains and ships, & now is burned in power plants to generate electricity.

12. 6. Petroleum and Natural gas formation: Form from the remains of microscopic sea organisms that decay & move thru permeable rock over time where they are stored in upward folded reservoir rock.

14. 7. Coal Formation: forms from decayed swamp plants over millions of years, & goes thru these 4 stages: Peat, lignite, Bituminous coal, and Anthracite coal, each stage having the carbon become more purified.

15. Problems with Fossil Fuels: A. Acid Precipitation: Precipitation, such as rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the pollution of the atmosphere.

16. Problems with Fossil Fuels: B. Smog: photochemical haze that forms when sunlight acts on industrial pollutants and burning fuels.

17. Problems with Fossil Fuels: C. Oil spills: coats animals; is toxic, and pollutes ocean and land habitats (environment).

18. Alternative Energy Resources:A. Nuclear Energy: the energy released by a fission (splitting of atoms) or fusion (combining of atoms) reactions;

19. Alternative Energy Resources:B. Chemical Energy: the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds.

20. Alternative Energy Resources:C. Solar Energy: the energy received by the Earth from the sun in the form of radiation.

21. Alternative Energy Resources:D. Wind Power: the use of a windmill to drive an electric generator.E. Hydroelectric Energy: electrical energy produced by falling water in a dam.

22. Alternative Energy Resources:F. Biomass: organic matter (plants, leaves, wood, dung) that can be a source of energy.G. Gasohol: a mixture of gasoline and alcohol that is used as a fuel.

23. Alternative Energy Resources:H. Geothermal Energy: the energy produced by heat within the earth (magma).