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BIRTH ORDER From ADLER To SULLOWAY

BIRTH ORDER From ADLER To SULLOWAY. A 32-year Review of Literature With A Biopsychosocial Approach. Methodological Standpoints in Birth Order Studies. Between-Family Studies:. Birth Order As A Dependent Variable

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BIRTH ORDER From ADLER To SULLOWAY

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  1. BIRTH ORDER From ADLER To SULLOWAY A 32-year Review of Literature With A Biopsychosocial Approach

  2. Methodological Standpoints in Birth Order Studies Between-Family Studies: Birth Order As A Dependent Variable (Bythaway B. A Statistical Trap Associated With Family Size. Journal of Biosocial Sciences 6:67-72 1974 ) Birth Order As An Independent Variable (Kinsolving Dl, Bone Rn. Firstborns, only children, sex and field independence. Psychological Reports, 29: 126 1971) Within-Family Studies: Comparison Of Sibs Within the Same Sibship

  3. Biopsychosocial Approach to Birth Order Implications Biological Implications: IImplications to Growth and Development of Fetus and Infant Implications to Epidemiology of General Medical Diseases Implications to Laterality Implications to Intelligence and Mental Functioning Implications to Language Development, Neurocognitive Status, Communication Skills, and Perceptual Motor Performance Psychological Implications: Implications to Attachment System, Parent-child Relationship, and Favoritism Implications to Temperament, Personality, Attributional Styles, and Psychopathology Implications to Adjustment System, Response to Stress, and Accident Proneness Implications to Epidemiology of Major Psychiatric Illnesses Implications to Sexual Identity and Behavior Biological Implications: Implications to Interpersonal Relationship Implications to Social Position, Occupation, and Achievement

  4. BIRTH ORDER Implications to Intelligence

  5. Environmental Hypothesis Ernst C, Angst J. Birth order : It’s influences on personality. By Springer-Verlag 1983 Zybert P, Stein Z, Belmont L. Maternal Age and Children’s Ability. Perceptual and Motor Skills 47:815-818, 1978 Nichols Rc, Davis Ja. Characteristics of Students of High Academic Aptitude. Pers Guid J 42:794-800 1964 Altus WD. Birth order and Scholastic Aptitude. Psychological Reports 16:956, 1965 Belmont L., Marolla F.A. Birth Order, Family Size, And Intelligence. Science, 182: 1096-1101 1973 Belmont L; Wittes J; Stein Z. Relation Of Birth Order, Family Size And Social Class To Psychological Functions. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 45(3 Pt 2):1107-16 1977 Dec Belmont L,Stein Z,Zybert P. Child Spacing And Birth Order: Effect On Intellectual Ability In Two-Child Families. Science,202(4371):995-6 1978 Dec 1 Zajonc RB, Markus GB. Birth Order And Intellectual Development. Psychological Review, 82:74-88 1975 Zajonc RB, Markus H, Markus GB. The Birth Order Puzzle. Journal Of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(8):1325-41 1979 Aug Zajonc RB. Family Configuration and Intelligence. Science 192:227-236, 1986 Zajonc RB, Mullally PR. Birth Order : Reconciling Conflicting Effects. American Psychologist 52: 685-699 1997

  6. Birth Order Effects Nested Within Family Size Family Size Effects Nested Within Birth Order

  7. Environmental Hypothesis Page EB, Grandon GM. Family Configuration and Mental Ability: Two Theories Contrasted with US Data. American Educational Research Journal 16:257-272 1979 Velandina W, Grandon GM, Page EB. Family Size, Birth Order, and Intelligence in a Large South American Sample. American Educational Research Journal 15:399-416 1978 Davis DJ, Cahan S, Bashi J. Birth Order And Intellectual Development: The Confluence Model In The Light Of Cross-Cultural Evidence. Science, 196(4297):1470-2 1977 Jun 24 Duncan GJ, Brooks-Gunn J, Klebanov PK. Economic Deprivation And Early Childhood Development. Child Development 65: 296-318, 1994

  8. Biological and Genetic Hypothesis Jensen AR. Cumulative Defeicit: A Testable Hypothesis? Developmental Psychology 10:996-1019, 1974 Jensen AR. The Nature of Black-White Difference on Various Psychometric Tests: Spearman’s Hypothesis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:193-263, 1985 Turkheimer E. Individual and Group Differences in Adoption Studies of IQ. Psycholohgical Bulletin 110:392-405, 1991 Foster JW, Archer SJ. Birth Order And Intelligence: An Immunological Interpretation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 48(1):79-93 1979 Feb Yeates KO, Mcphee D, Campbell FA, Ramey CT. Maternal IQ and Home Environment as Determinants of Early Childhood Intellectual Competence: A Developmental Analysis. Developmental Psychology 19:731-739, 1983

  9. Percent of Women with Cytotoxic HLA Antibodies in Serum

  10. Cultural Test Bias Hypothesis Helms JE. Why is there no study of cultural equivalence in standardized cognitive ability testing? American Psychologist 47:1083-1101, 1992 Rodgers JL. What Causes Birth Order-Intelligence Patterns? The Admixture Hypothesis, Revived.American Psychologist 56(6-7): 505-510, 2001 Rodgers JL, Cleveland HH, Van Den Oord E, Rowe DC. Resolving The Debate Over Birth Order, Family Size, And Intelligence.American Psychologist 55(6):599-612, 2001 Rodgers JL, Cleveland HH, Van Den Oord E, Rowe DC. Birth Order And Intelligence: Together Again For The Last Time? American Psychologist 56(6-7): 523-524, 2001 Downey DB. Number Of Siblings And Intellectual Development - The Resource Dilution Explanation . American Psychologist 56(6-7): 497-504, 2001 Guo G, Vanwey LK. Sibship Size And Intellectual Development: Is The Relationship Causal? American Sociological Review 64(2):169-187, 1999

  11. Verbal Intelligence vs. Emotional Intelligence Dickson WP. The Development of Interpersonal Referential Communication Skills in Young Children Using An Interactional Game Device. Diss Abstr Int 35-A:3511, 1974 Nelson K. Individual Differences in Language Development: Implications for Development and Language. Developmental Psychology 17:170-187, 1981 Jensen AR. The Nature of Black-White Difference on Various Psychometric Tests: Spearman’s Hypothesis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:193-263, 1985 Pine JM. Variation In Vocabulary Development As A Function Of Birth-Order.Child Development 66(1):272-281, 1995 Morand DA. Family Size And Intelligence Revisited: The Role Of Emotional Intelligence.Psychological Reports 84(2):643-649, 1999

  12. BIRTH ORDER Implications to Character, Personality, Concepts, and Life Style

  13. Paradigms in Personality Psychology Psychoanalytic Paradigm Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology Heinz Kohut Concept of Narcissism Trait Cognitive Information Processing and Social Cognitive Theory Biological Trends Involving Evolutionary Psychology

  14. Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology • Feeling of Community • Necessary Interdependence • Feeling of Interconnectedness • Final Goal • Feeling of Inferiority • Plus and Minus Situations • Main Tasks : Work , Community, Love • Style of Life • Psychopathologic Conditions: • Insufficiently Developed Feeling of Community • Exaggerated Feeling of Inferiority • Physical Handicap • Family Dynamics • Parenting Style • Position in the family constellation • Societal Influences

  15. Traits Associated to first- and Laterborns First Borns Laterborns Protector and Leader, creative Ready to cooperate Strong trend to achieve Extremely ambitious Power hungry, conservative Inclined to new ideas Introspective Extraverted Adult-oriented Peer-oriented, empathizing, popular Interest in abstract thought Interested in practical problems Rebellious Resigned Vulnerable and uncertain Harmonious and leisurely Low self-esteem Fearful, dependent, affiliative Indirect expression of Aggression Direct expression of Aggression Strongly sex-typed From Ernst C, Angst J. Birth order : It’s influences on personality. By Springer-Verlag 1983 Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology

  16. Academic Achievement • White J; Campbell L; Stewart A. Associations Of Scores On The White-Campbell Psychological Birth Order Inventory And The Kern Lifestyle Scale. Psychological Reports, 77(3 Pt 2):1187-96 1995 Dec • Belmont L; Stein Za; Wittes Jt. Birth Order, Family Size And School Failure. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 18(4):421-30 1976 Aug • Sputa Cl; Paulson SE. Birth Order And Family Size: Influences On Adolescents' Achievement And Related Parenting Behaviors. Psychological Reports, 76(1):43-51 1995 Feb • Nystul Ms. Response To Sputa And Paulsons Birth-Order And Family-Size - Influences On Adolescents Achievement And Related Parenting Behaviors. Psychological Reports 1995, Vol 76, Iss 3, Pp 1241-1242 • Vaneijck K; Degraaf Pm The Effects Of Family Structure On The Educational Attainment Of Siblings In Hungary. European Sociological Review, 11(3):273-292, 1995 • Travis R; Kohli V. The Birth Order Factor: Ordinal Position, Social Strata, And Educational Achievement. Journal Of Social Psychology, 135(4):499-507 1995 Aug • Downey Db. When Bigger Is Not Better - Family-Size, Parental Resources, And Childrens Educational Performance.American Sociological Review, 60(5):746-761, 1995 • Parker WD. Birth-Order Effects In The Academically Talented. Gifted Child Quarterly, 42(1):29-38, 1998 • Binder M. Family Background, Gender And Schooling In Mexico.Journal Of Development Studies, 35(2):54-71, 1998. • Conley D. Sibship Sex Composition: Effects On Educational Attainment. Social Science Research 29(3):441-457, 2000.

  17. Social Leadership • Newman J; Taylor A. Family Training For Political-Leadership - Birth-Order Of United-States State Governors And Australian Prime Ministers. Political Psychology, 15(3):435-442, 1994 • McCann SJH. The Extended American Social, Economic, And Political Threat Index (1788-1992).Journal Of Psychology, 132(4):435-449, 1998 • McCann SJH. Birth Order Of Past Presidents And Schlesinger's History Cycles: Support For Stewart's Leadership Theory.Psychological Reports, 88(2):375-376, 2001 • Steinberg BS. The Making Of Female Presidents And Prime Ministers: The Impact Of Birth Order, Sex Of Siblings, And Father-Daughter Dynamics.Political Psychology, 22(1):89-110, 2001

  18. Other Characteristics • Eyring WE 3rd; Sobelman S. Narcissism And Birth Order. Psychological Reports, 78(2):403-6 1996 Apr • Zemanek Je Jr; Claxton Rp; Zemanek Wh Greenville, Relationship Of Birth Order And The Marketing-Related Variable Of Materialism. Psychological Reports, 86(2):429-34 2000 Apr • Manaster Gj; Rhodes C. The Role Of Birth Order In The Acculturation Of Japanese Americans. Psychologia 1998, Vol 41, Iss 3, Pp 155-170

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