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Introduction to the Angiosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms. Chapter 19. Angiosperms- Anthophyta. Autotrophic, but parasitic and saprophytic representatives. Enclosure of ovules within carpels. Ovule - the structure in seed plants that contains the female gametophyte with egg cell; including nucellus and integuments.

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Introduction to the Angiosperms

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  1. Introduction to the Angiosperms Chapter 19

  2. Angiosperms- Anthophyta • Autotrophic, but parasitic and saprophytic representatives. • Enclosure of ovules within carpels. • Ovule- the structure in seed plants that contains the female gametophyte with egg cell; including nucellus and integuments. • Presence of endosperm in seeds. • Flower present with stamens (microsporophylls) & carpels (megasporophylls). • Species- 300,000-450,000

  3. Class Monocotyledonae- monocots • Flower parts- 3s. • Pollen- monoaperturate. • Cotyledons- 1. • Leaf venation- parallel. • 1° vascular bundles in stem- complex. • 2° growth without vascular cambium. • Examples- grasses, lilies, irises, orchids, cattails, palms.

  4. Class Eudicotyledonae- dicots • Flower parts- 4s & 5s. • Pollen- triaperturate. • Cotyledons- 2. • Leaf venation- netlike. • 1° vascular bundles in stem- ring. • 2° growth with vascular cambium. • Examples- trees, shrubs, herbs.

  5. Ovary Position • Hypogynous- whorls attached below the ovary. • Perigynous- stamens and petals adnate to the calyx, forming a tube (hypanthium) at the base of the ovary. • Epigynous- whorls attached above the ovary.

  6. Epigyny in Malus (apple) flower

  7. Mature Anther with 4 Microsporangia

  8. Mature Embryo Sac- 8 nuclei, 7 celled structure

  9. Double Fertilization

  10. Endosperm- tissue that contains stored food that is digested by the sporophyte before or after maturation of the seed.

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