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Ethics in Epidemiological Studies: Understanding Research Conduct

Explore the importance of ethics in epidemiological studies and the principles governing research conduct. Learn about historical case studies and the guidelines for ensuring respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.

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Ethics in Epidemiological Studies: Understanding Research Conduct

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  1. What's Wrong with This Picture? Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  2. People who participate in a trial but do not get the treatment. Their results are compared to results of the group that does get the treatment. No AcneMed “Not Exposed” Control Group Review What is a control group? AcneMed “Exposed” Experimental Group Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  3. Poor Grades Drug Use Smoking marijuana causes memory loss. Epidemiologist Board of Education Scenario Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  4. No Marijuana Marijuana 100 Students Control Group 100 Students Experimental Group Scenario 200 High School Students Measure Memory 4 Months What’s wrong with this picture? Measure Memory Loss 2 x 2 Table, Calculate Risks, and Relative Risk Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What’s Wrong With This Picture?

  5. Epi Speak Epi Speak Ethical In accordance with the accepted principles of right and wrong governing the conduct of a group. Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  6. Nazi Human Experiments Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  7. Accepted Principles What happened after World War II was over? Doctors Trial Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  8. Accepted Principles Highlights of the Nuremberg Code Totally voluntary, informed consent Based on prior animal experiments Justification of benefit to individuals or society Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  9. Accepted Principles Highlights of the Nuremberg Code Totally voluntary, informed consent Based on prior animal experiments Justification of benefit to individuals or society Absolute avoidance of physical and mental suffering and injury Conducted only by qualified scientists Ability of subjects to withdraw at any time Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  10. Tuskegee Syphilis Study Nothing Learned Will Prevent, Find, or Cure a Single Case. Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  11. Tuskegee Syphilis Study Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  12. 1972: 1973: 1974: 1975: 1979: Accepted Principles What happened? Newspaper article and public outcry Senate hearings on human experiments Study stopped Lifetime medical treatment guaranteed for survivors National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects Affected wives and children given medical treatment Belmont Report Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  13. Accepted Principles Clinton Regrets “Clearly Racist” U.S. Study New York Times, May 17, 1997 Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  14. Accepted Principles The Belmont Report Office of the Secretary Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research April 18, 1979 Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  15. Accepted Principles Belmont Report Basic Ethical Principles Respect for Persons Beneficence Justice Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  16. Epi Speak Epi Speak Respect for Persons Respect individual autonomy (independence, freedom, capacity for self direction) Provides extra protection for those with less autonomy. Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  17. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for Ensuring “Respect for Persons” Informed Consent Complete information about study and potential risks Understand information Voluntary participation Withdraw at any time Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  18. Epi Speak Epi Speak Beneficence An effort to secure people’s well-being. A decision about when it is justifiable to seek certain benefits despite the risks involved. Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  19. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for ensuring “Beneficence” Risk / Benefit Assessment Consider all types of potential harms Benefits to participants and / or to society Brutal or inhumane treatment is never justified Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  20. Epi Speak Epi Speak Justice Fair distribution of the benefits of research and the burdens of being a research subject. Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  21. Basic Ethical Principles Rules for Ensuring “Justice” Subject Selection Selection process and outcome must be fair Avoid cultural, racial, social or other biases Avoid choosing convenient or easy to manipulate participants Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

  22. I watch you sleep. CDC What's Wrong with This Picture? Intro to Epidemiology - Investigation 2-3: What's Wrong with This Picture?

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