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The Culture War?. Questions for today. Are we a polarized electorate? Arguments for the existence of polarization? Arguments against the existence of polarization?. What does polarization mean?. Ideology. What do liberals believe? What do conservatives believe?.
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Questions for today • Are we a polarized electorate? • Arguments for the existence of polarization? • Arguments against the existence of polarization?
Ideology • What do liberals believe? • What do conservatives believe?
Are we a polarized electorate? • Yes… • Safe states
Red and Blue States http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/
Are we a polarized electorate? • Yes… • Safe states • Safe congressional districts • Rural/urban divide
Presidential Election 2008, by county http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/
Are we a polarized electorate? • Yes… • Safe states • Safe congressional districts • Rural/urban divide • Religious/non-religious divide
Religion • In 1992: • Committed mainline Protestant: 17% more R than D • Nominal mainline Protestant 10% more R • Committed evangelical Protestant 3% more R • Nominal evangelical Protestant 20% more D • Committed Catholic 31% more D • Nominal Catholic 28% more D • Jewish 64% more D • Non-religious 18% more D
Are we a polarized electorate? • Yes… • Safe states • Safe congressional districts • Rural/urban divide • Religious/non-religious divide • Gender divide
Gender • In 1992: • Male: 1% more D than R • Female: 16% more D than R • In 2008: • Male: 1% more D than R • Female: 13% more D than R • Gender Gap in Party ID: 12%
Are we a polarized electorate? • No… • The electorate is not more polarized
2008 Presidential electionColor indicates percent R or D http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/
Resizing counties by population… http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/
Are we a polarized electorate? • No… • The electorate is not more polarized • Our electoral choices are just more polarized • Candidates • Officeholders
Why are elites more polarized now? • Rise of purists/decline of professionals • Civil service • (Closed) Primaries • Redistricting • Realignment of the South • Media? The internet?
Is it really just the elites? Pennsylvania: blue state where the electorate is really moderate? Or big state with “Pittsburgh in the west, Philadelphia in the East, and Alabama in the middle?” Rush’s audience: the elite?