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Theoretical advancement in economic geography by engaged pluralism

Theoretical advancement in economic geography by engaged pluralism. Robert Hassink Dept . of Geography, University of Kiel, Germany. Fragmented vs. engaged pluralism (Barnes & Sheppard 2010).

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Theoretical advancement in economic geography by engaged pluralism

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  1. Theoretical advancement in economic geography by engaged pluralism Robert Hassink Dept. of Geography, University of Kiel, Germany

  2. Fragmented vs. engaged pluralism (Barnes & Sheppard 2010)

  3. Evolutionary economic geography analyses and explains “the processes by which the economic landscape – the spatial organisation of economic production, circulation, exchange, distribution and consumption – is transformed from within over time” (Boschma & Martin 2010, 6). “why it is that some regional economies become locked into development paths that lose dynamism, whilst other regional economies seem able to avoid this danger” (Martin & Sunley 2006, 395)

  4. Aim: advancing evolutionary economic geography by reviewing its core critique and proposed solutions, particularly that of geographical political economy.

  5. Introduction • Evolutionaryeconomicgeography • Critique • Alternative paradigms • Empiricalreflection: locked in decline? • Conclusions

  6. Source: Boschma & Frenken 2006

  7. Evolutionaryconceptsandnotes: • Path dependenceand lock-ins, • Relatedandunrelatedvariety, • Co-evolution, • Sunkcosts, • Cluster lifecycles.

  8. ‘‘A path-dependent process or system is one whose outcome evolves as a consequence of the process’s or system’s own history’’ (Martin & Sunley, 2006, 399) Path dependence is not past dependence; it is rather a contingent process ‘‘Lock-in is this notion that most fully captures the idea that the combination of historical contingency and the emergence of self-reinforcing effects, steers a technology, industry or regional economy along one ‘path’ rather than another’’ (Martin 2010, 3)

  9. Source: Boschma & Frenken 2006

  10. Source: Boschma & Frenken 2006

  11. 3. Critique Pike et al 2009, MacKinnon et al 2009: limited importance attached to institutions under-conceptualized notion of social agency and power neglected multi-scalar interrelatedness and embeddedness of firms

  12. Source: Hassink & Klaerding 2012

  13. 4. Alternative paradigms Geographical political economy Institutional economic geography Relational economic geography

  14. 5. Empirical reflection: locked in decline? Hassink, R. (2010) Locked in decline? On the role of regional lock-ins in old industrial areas. The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography, 450. "When the wind of change blows, some build walls, others build windmills“ 当风向改变时,有的人筑墙,有的人造风车 Chinese proverb

  15. Monostructure despite strong de-industrialisation after reunification All yards are part of larger concern Strong competition with East Asian shipyards Strong state support (federal state, Land, EU) to modernise production capacities (3 billion €, 500,000 € per job) => capacity limitation

  16. yards Yard cities Local trade unions State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Shipbuilding Association Federal government European Shipbuilding Association European Commission

  17. Lobby: • Against capacity limitation • Against alleged dumping prices of Korean yards Results: • Capacity limitations have become less strict • WTO case and due to that allowance of subsidies (84 million €)

  18. Westmünsterland • History • cross-border textile region since the 19th Century • impulses from Twente (the Netherlands) • early 1960s about 75% of manufacturing employment in the textile industry • crisisand de-industrialisation

  19. Political reactions • Little protest against plant • closures => “quiet” restructuring due to the lack of lock-ins: • few subsidies • support for new industry • entrepreneur Schmitz

  20. Company reactions Technical textiles: Examples: car industry, medical technology, fishery, road and railroad construction, agriculture

  21. Daegu • History • genesis during colonial period • strong growth during 1960s/1970s (targeted industry) • natural fibres => synthetic fibres • crisisand de-industrialisation

  22. Political reactions Milano-Project 1999-2003 Strongly subsidised: € 650 mill. Kim Dae-Jung’s official pledge (공약) & regionalism Aim:

  23. Fashion industry • Upgrading textile • Exhibitions • Problems: • Conflicts • Gap

  24. 6. Conclusions Evolutionary economic geography has some clear and powerful theoretical notions In order to overcome shortcomings in favour of engaged pluralism => incorporating institutional and relational economic geography => evolutionary economic geography as a pluralistic project In favour of theoretical stability

  25. kiitos! • tusen tack!

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