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Regional Climate Change Adaptation Knowledge Network. Goal. To facilitate climate change adaptation in Asia at local, national and regional levels and strengthen adaptive capacity. Three components. Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Forum 20 11 Mainstreaming Adaptation into Development:
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Goal To facilitate climate change adaptation in Asia at local, national and regional levels and strengthen adaptive capacity
Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Forum2011 Mainstreaming Adaptation into Development: ADAPTATION in ACTION Acknowledge with thanks
Focus Geographically marginal, economically peripheral and ecologically vulnerable provinces Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Levels of assessment 06 Sept - 02 Oct 2011 06 Oct 2011
Focus group discussions Averaged 2 hours Facilitated by a local facilitator Number of participants: from 10 to 20
Nusa Tenggara Barat • Gili Air, small island village: • Problem: water scarcity,water management • Water polution from swimming pool maintenance for tourism • Coastal abrasion • Extreme weather • Need: better knowledge on coastal and reef ecosystem • Jambi Anom, coastal village: • Problem: traditional/artisanal fishers hard to cope with extreme and unpredictable weather. • Need: instant alternative livelihood • Suela, community forestry village: • Problem: more and new (unknown)pests • Higher demand for fuelwood for tobacco smoking after government stopped kerosene subsidy. • Need: more participation action research on managing impacts of CC. • Sembalun, mountain agricultural village: • Problem: unpredictable and extreme weather that they used to highly rely on for their live and cultural events. • Need: materials and trainers for their learning and empowerment center for “pesantrenpertanian” and adat communities. • KarangBajo, coastal adat community village: • Problem: unpredictable and extreme weather that they used to highly rely on for their live and cultural events. • Need: materials and trainers for their learning and empowerment center for women and adat communities.
Nusa Tenggara Timur • Provincial level, Kupang: • Kabupaten level (Timor Tengah Selatan), Soe: • Lelobatan-Mollo Utara, mountain agricultural & adat community village: • Problem: unpredictable weather caused crops failure food and seed scarcity, insecure sowing season. • Food and seed management in “rumahbulat” disrupted. • Need: instant alternative livelihood, weather proof variety of crops. • Tuapakas-Kualin, coastal & adat community village: • Problem: unpredictable weather caused crops failure food and seed scarcity, insecure sowing season. • Threats from offshore mining exploration that using dynamite, killing reef-fishes • Alternative income from colour gravel stones mining on the beach, but may cause coastal abrasion in longer term. • Need: alternative livelihood. • Poloh-Panite, agricultural village: • Problem: unpredictable weather caused crops failure food and seed scarcity, insecure sowing season; very dry arid land, but occassionally flooded in dry season. • Lack of other source of income, but very creative in hand-made textile weaving that might be an asset for safety net. • Need: instant alternative livelihood.
Bali • Kabupaten level (Tabanan), Tabanan: • Already aware of CC, have done some replanting and reforestation, water management with biopores, catchment-well, etc. • Need: integrated approach for better adaptation ad mitigation for CC. • Pelaga-Badung Utara, subakabian village: • Problem: unpredictable weather caused crops failure, more and unknown pests. • Ecotourism as an alternative livelihood is more promising. • Need: more information about CC and how to adapt with it. • Geluntung-Margarana, Tabanan, subaksawah village: • Problem: not aware of CC, more concerns on agricultural chemical inputs and want to go back to organic farming.
Summary of initial findings…RAN-PI Unknown at the kabupaten and village levels. For instance, in North Lombok, only 3 of 15 FGD participants at the kabupaten level knew about the document. Of these three, only one has vaguely read it. Climate change as such is not so much an issue at the local level but immediate developmental problems such as disruption in traditional natural resource management systems.
Research questions • How much of the survival of groups depend on rights? What are the rights angle of adaptation? Would households with better bundle of rights adapt better to climate change impacts? • Are islands legitimate administrative units to demand government services? What are the bargaining rights of small islands? • What innovations are needed to be able to adapt successfully to food scarcity and heightened impacts of CC? What technologies and seeds that are attuned to drier environments? • How assets are used to adapt to extreme events? • What happened to the seed banks in the villages? Are there seed banks in the village? Rumahbulad – traditional barn – how to build knowledge of seeds to the next generation? How do you store seeds? • How do you document local knowledge on seed management as a form of adaptive management? How is this being affected by aspirational changes and migration of young generation? How gendered is this? How affected by the movement of young women to work as maids in Singapore?
Capacity building • Identify local champions – entry point to empowerment- assistance can only be sustained by working through local champions • More field schools on climate change to educate younger kids (sekolahlapang) – already existing • Supporting multi-stakeholder interests (e.g. business sector) – finding and support a common agenda as a trigger to leverage funds for the players (egTabanan) – trigger the experience of positive interaction • How to document local knowledge?
