NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

Feb 22, 2012

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I. Ordinary Chemical Reactions. A. Bond breaking, bond forming, only outer electrons of the atoms are disturbed.. B. Nuclei of the atoms are unaffected.. II. Nuclear Reactions. A. Deals with changes in atomic nuclei.. B. Importance. 1. Nuclear reactors - radioactivity. 2. Atomic bombs

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NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter 23. Radioactivity . Emission of subatomic particles or high-energy electromagnetic radiation by nuclei Such atoms/isotopes said to be radioactive. Its discovery. Discovered in 1896 by Becquerel Called strange, new emission uranic rays

1.35k views • 70 slides

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. The Basics. The Nucleus. The nucleus is composed of nucleons protons neutrons A nucleus is characterized by two numbers atomic mass number(A; total # of nucleons) atomic number (Z; number of protons) Z A E. 13 27 Al. total number of nucleons is 27

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Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry I – Chapter 25 Chemistry I Honors – Chapter 19 ICP – Chapter 18. Nuclear Chemistry.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactivity. One of the pieces of evidence for the fact that atoms are made of smaller particles came from the work of Marie Curie (1876-1934). She discovered Radium and radioactivity , the spontaneous disintegration of some elements into smaller pieces.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Brown, LeMay Ch 21 AP Chemistry Monta Vista High School. To properly view this presentation on the web, use the navigation arrows below and left-click on each page to view any animations. 21.1: Radioactivity. Result of unstable nuclei

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Principles and Applications. Isotopes. Recall that most elements consist of a distribution of various isotopes. Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but different atomic masses.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. September 21, 2009 Trianna McCall. Nuclear Reactions. Nuclear chemistry is the study of changes in an atoms nucleus. Reactions that involve a change in the nucleus of an atom are called nuclear reactions . Characteristics of Nuclear Reactions.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chemical vs Nuclear Reactions. Chemical reactions. Nuclear reactions. Occur when nuclei combine, split and emit radiation Can involve protons, neutrons and electrons Associated with large energy changes

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter 18. Radioactive Decay. Discovered by Antoine Henri Becquerel in 1896 He saw that photographic plates developed bright spots when exposed to uranium metals. Types of nuclear reactions. Radioactive Decay – nucleus decays spontaneously giving off an energetic particle

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. 3221.3.8, 3221.3.9. Nuclear Chemistry. The study of the properties and reactions of atomic nuclei Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers are called isotopes , and the nucleus of a given isotope is called a nuclide

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear, i.e. pertaining to the nucleus. Nucleus. Most nuclei contain p + and n 0 When packed closely together, there are strong attractive forces (nuclear forces) btw.. protons-protons p rotons-neutrons. Atomic Size. The radius of an atom is 40 – 270 pm

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Power Plant in Richland, WA. The Band of Stability. Certain isotopes are more stable than others The ratio of protons to neutrons is important in determining stability Example: Mg has 12 neutrons and 12 protons, U has 146 neutrons for 92 protons .

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter 4.4 and 25. Particle Accelorators. Lawrence’s cyclotron: http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/early-years.html FermiLab http://www.fnal.gov/ CERN http://public.web.cern.ch/public/ A.k.a. “Large hadron collider” (LHC)

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Bravo – 15,000 kilotons. CA Standards. Nuclear Symbols. Element symbol. Mass number (p + + n o ). Atomic number (number of p + ). Types of Radioactive Decay. alpha production ( a, He): helium nucleus beta production ( b, e): gamma ray production ( g ):.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. What is radioactivity? What are the 3 types of nuclear radiation?. Nuclear Chemistry. The study of changes that occur in the nucleus of an ATOM!!!

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Symbols. Mass number (p + + n o ). Element symbol. Atomic number (number of p + ). Types of Radioactive Decay. 4. 2+. alpha production ( a ): helium nucleus beta production ( b ):. He. 2. 0. e. 1. -. Alpha Radiation.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter 18. Quick Review. Mass # Symbol Element Name or symbol – Mass # Parts of a Reaction Reactants  Products. Types of Radiation. Alpha emission or decay ( a ) –helium atom 4 2 He 238 92 U  4 2 He + 234 90 Th

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Dr. Subhash Goel South GA State College Douglas, GA 31533. The Discovery of Radioactivity. Becquerel discovered that certain minerals were constantly producing penetrating energy rays (like x-rays) he called uranic rays . Becquerel determined that

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Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry IH – Chapter 25 Chemistry I – Chapter 21. Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactivity. Much of the early important research about radioactivity was completed by Marie Curie (1876-1934). She discovered radioactive decay , the spontaneous disintegration of some elements into smaller pieces.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. “ regular ” chemistry involves only the ELECTRONS in atoms. All the rest of this year we will be studying only “regular” chemistry. “ nuclear ” chemistry involves only the NUCLEUS in atoms. In this chapter (and only this chapter) we will be studying “nuclear” chemistry.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Chapter 1: Activity 9. Hiroshima Bomb. During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. Nuclear Chemistry.

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Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry. Nuclear Reactions. Chemical reactions What can NOT change in a chemical reaction? Nuclear Reactions: changes that occur in the nucleus of an atom The nucleus is unstable!! Most atoms have unstable nuclei. Why are some stable, while others are not?. Primary Reason:

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