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The Muslim Empires of the Early Modern World

The Muslim Empires of the Early Modern World. The Ottoman Empire. The Challenger to Christian Europe. Growing Power. Turks began as a nomadic people in Central Asia in the Middle Ages. Conquer Anatolia (Turkey) in the late Middle Ages

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The Muslim Empires of the Early Modern World

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  1. The Muslim Empires of the Early Modern World

  2. The Ottoman Empire The Challenger to Christian Europe

  3. Growing Power • Turks began as a nomadic people in Central Asia in the Middle Ages. • Conquer Anatolia (Turkey) in the late Middle Ages • Conquer Constantinople in 1453, ending the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. • Come to rule most of the eastern Mediterranean by the middle 1500’s.

  4. Rulers • Sultan • Turkish political ruler (comparable to an emperor) • Suleiman I • Great Law-giver of the Turks • Grand Vizier • Prime minister who headed the bureaucracy for the sultan • Janissaries • Elite corps of fighting men

  5. The Ottoman Empire

  6. Law • Established laws that tolerated non-Muslims. • Jews and Christians were allowed to practice their own religions. • Millets, or communities, took care of their own laws

  7. Decline and Reform • In the 1700’s the Ottoman Empire’s power began to decline. • The Turks twice laid seige to Vienna (in 1529 and 1683) and were turned back. • They were defeated at sea by Spain at the Battle of Lepanto (1571) • As a result, Sultans began to incorporate European ideas into their government.

  8. Safavid Persia The Shiite Islamic Empire

  9. Shah Abbas • Looked for alliances with the West to fight the Ottomans • Spread Persian culture and ideas, diplomacy and trade • He established a lavish court in the city of Isfahan.

  10. Nadar Shah • Expanded the Persian Empire to its greatest heights • After his assassination in 1747 the territory he conquered was lost and the empire was divided.

  11. The Mogul (Mughal) Empire Islamic Empire of India

  12. Rulers • Muslim Monguls establish control over Northern India in the late 1300s. • Timur Lenk (Tamerlane) • Conquered central Asia and Northern India in the late 14th century • Akbar • Brought peace to northern India • Recognized religious tolerance of Hindus

  13. Mogul Civilization • Mogul Civilization • Lavish court centers of learning and the arts • Shan Jahan built the Taj Mahal • Mogul Decline • Hindus and Sikhs rebel against Mogul authority, establishing independent kingdoms in the 17 century.

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