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KARL MARX IDEAS ABOUT SOCIETY

KARL MARX IDEAS ABOUT SOCIETY. Human nature is basically good Human society is a result of material existence Alternative: result of ideas Labor Theory of Value Surplus Value — difference between value created by worker and cost paid to maintain worker. Karl Marx SOCIAL CHANGE.

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KARL MARX IDEAS ABOUT SOCIETY

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  1. KARL MARXIDEAS ABOUT SOCIETY • Human nature is basically good • Human society is a result of material existence • Alternative: result of ideas • Labor Theory of Value • Surplus Value — difference between value created by worker and cost paid to maintain worker

  2. Karl MarxSOCIAL CHANGE Superstructure and Substructure

  3. Karl MarxSOCIAL CHANGE • All of history is the history of class struggle • Economic Modes of Production-type of technology used to produce goods. • Hunting and Gathering Society--> Egalitarian • Feudal Society --> Social Order Based on Estates and Land • Development of Merchant Class • Demise of Agricultural Society • Development of Industrial Society and Capitalism

  4. Karl Marx Elements OF Substructure • Established by the Mode of Production Prevailing at Time • Economic system • Means of production • tools, machinery • Social Relations of Production • human relationships within the means of production • relationships between workers • dominance - submission relationships between groups in authority and workers • ownership and distribution of goods or services

  5. Karl Marx CHARACTERISTICS OF A CLASS • Distinct relationship to means of production • a class in itself • Clear consciousness of its existence as a class in opposition to another class • Organization into a political party • class for itself • Distinct set of cultural values and separate lifestyle

  6. Karl MarxClasses • Bourgeoisie • the owners of the means of production or the capitalist • Proletariat • those who must sell their labor to survive or the working class

  7. Karl Marx Factors that maintain class • State • struggles in state are class struggles • committee of the bourgeoisie • Ideology • Legitimizes position of capitalist • Ruling ideas are ideas of ruling class • Religion is an ideological institution

  8. Karl Marx Factors that maintain class • False Consciousness • Capitalist Structure and Condition become Laws of Nature • Supply and demand • Wage-labor is natural, fair, just • Eliminate Economic Alternative

  9. Karl Marx STAGES OF CAPITALISM • Cooperation • Artisan guilds • Increase productivity and efficiency • Manufacture • Strict division of labor • Individual perform minute tasks — no completeness of work • No independent skill outside factory • Alienation develops

  10. Karl Marx STAGES OF CAPITALISM • Modern industry • Greater use of machinery • Worker is appendage to machine • Labor power of worker vanishes • Reduce price of labor • Exploits others of family • Eliminate skill from worker • Centralize production

  11. Karl Marx CRISIS OF CAPITALISM • Overproduction — result from better machinery • Class polarization • More classes absorbed by proletariat • Smaller, less proletariat • Intellectuals join forces with competitive bourgeoisie and petite bourgeoisie proletarianized • Increased misery — less work, lower wages • Increased alienation • Class consciousness — capitalism plants the seeds of its own destruction Revolution

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