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GEOTRACES: Investigating Oceanic Trace Elements and Isotopes

GEOTRACES is an international program studying the distribution of trace elements and isotopes in the ocean, their sensitivity to environmental changes, and the processes that control them. With contributions from scientists worldwide, it aims to study all major ocean basins over the next decade. This document provides an overview of completed cruises, data products, publications, and future activities.

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GEOTRACES: Investigating Oceanic Trace Elements and Isotopes

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  1. Gideon HendersonOxford University Document prepared by:GEOTRACES IPO

  2. GEOTRACES International Programme • Co-chairs: Andrew Bowie (University of Tasmania, Australia)Phoebe Lam (University of California, Santa Cruz, USA) • GEOTRACESmission is to identify processes and quantify fluxes that control the distributions of key trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) in the ocean, and to establish the sensitivity of these distributions to changing environmental conditionsis • Scientists from approximately 35 nations have been involved in the programme, which is designed to study all major ocean basins over the next decade • GEOTRACES Science Plan (2006)

  3. Status of GEOTRACES Field Programme 106 cruises (38 GEOTRACES Section cruises) completed(3 section cruises completed since last report: Japan, UK and Australia) In red: Planned Sections In orange: Completed Sections (since last report) In yellow: Completed Sections In black: Sections completed as GEOTRACES contribution to the IPY

  4. GEOTRACES Process Studies/Compliant Data The programme also endorses a number of studies that focus on particular regions or processes - GEOTRACES Process Studies And it also collates appropriately intercalibrated trace element and isotope data from other cruises as GEOTRACES compliant data Process Studies: 31 studies 48 cruises completed

  5. GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 Chemical Geology publication https://www.bodc.ac.uk/geotraces/data/idp2017/ Total number of downloads = 2,177

  6. GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 • IDP2017 includesdatafrom:39 Cruises 458 parameters • Stations46794 Samples New Data Types: Aerosols andBioGEOTRACES eGEOTRACES – Atlashttps://egeotraces.org Subset data extractorhttps://webodv.awi.de/geotraces

  7. GEOTRACES Publications to date IDP2017 References GEOTRACES Publications database links IDP2017 data with relevant publications to ensure proper citation: e.g. Fe_D_CONC_BOTTLE @ GP16 957 Papers an on-line searchable publications database available

  8. Micronutrient revolution: Zn

  9. Micronutrient metals - Zn Stations with Zn concentrations at depths > 2000 m As of 2009 - compiled by Maeve Lohan

  10. Micronutrient revolution: Zn

  11. GEOTRACES Science Highlights Large increase of inputs from the land to the Arctic Ocean • Measurements of 228Ra in 2015 U.S. Arctic cruise revealed that surface water content of this tracer has almost doubled over the last decade  • A mass balance model for 228Ra suggest that increase is due to an intensification of shelf-derived material inputs to the central basin (Figure) • Coastal changes, in turn, could also be delivering more nutrients, carbon, and other chemicals into the Arctic Ocean and lead to dramatic impacts on Arctic food webs and animal populations Kipp et al 2018

  12. GEOTRACES Science Highlights Barium isotope measurements constrain the oceanic Ba cycle • Ba isotopes have very systematic relationship with Ba concentrations • Provides route to assess Ba cycle in modern ocean • And to improve proxy forpaleoproductivity Hsieh and Henderson 2017

  13. GEOTRACES Science Highlights: Examples Nutrient co-limitation in Angola Basin • Multiple nutrients must be supplied to stimulate phytoplankton growth • Seawaters were amended with nitrogen, iron, and cobalt: alone and in all possible combinations • Adding both nitrogen and iron was needed to stimulate any significant phytoplankton growth over 1000s of kilometres of ocean • Addition of cobalt in combination with nitrogen and iron further enhanced phytoplankton growth in a number of experiments Browning et al. 2017

  14. GEOTRACES Synthesis Strategy

  15. Examples of capacity Building • Bob Anderson (U.S.) participated in two meetings in the Republic of (South) Korea in late 2017 • Korea has acquired a clean sampling system for use aboard their new global-class research vessel ISABU • Now keen to begin developing an ambitious GEOTRACES programme (focus on the Indian Ocean) • Catherine Jeandel (France) gave a 3-week course on “Tracers in the Oceans: applications of isotopes to unveil processes controlling trace element distributions”Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil. Thanks to SCOR Visiting Scholars Programme. • Attended by 16 graduate students from various universities of Brazil

  16. Second GEOTRACES Summer School • The second GEOTRACES Summer School will be held in September 2019 in Cadiz, Spain. • 6 days course • Students: 20 – 25 maximum - 4 groups • Course includes: • Lectures • Student presentations • Practical sessions • Field sampling on board of R/V UCadiz

  17. Future Activities • SCOR Review of GEOTRACES • Intermediate Data Product 2021 • New on-line GEOTRACES metadata portal • Scientific workshops: • BioGEOTRACES Workshop (November 2018) -> This workshop will focus on the next steps in designing a new international programme―tentatively called GEOBIOMICS • Fourth East Asia GEOTRACES Workshop (October/November 2019) • Continue synthesis effort with a Synthesis workshop on sensitivity of TEI cycles to global change (in 2020) • More outreach products: hands-on workshops to work with Ocean Data View (ODV); development of videos to show examples of successful data access and use.

  18. Thank you very much! International Coordination: GEOTRACES International Project Office (LEGOS-OMP, Toulouse, France) Catherine Jeandel (Scientific Director) Elena Masferrer Dodas (Executive Officer) Data Management: Mohamed Adjou (Data Manager) GEOTRACES Data Assembly Centre (BODC, Liverpool) www.geotraces.org

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