1 / 9

Afghanistan (Soviet afghan war) 1979-88

Afghanistan (Soviet afghan war) 1979-88. By: Anmol Gupta & Bavika Atputhajeyam . General Overview . Duration 10 years Started on Dec. 27 th , 1979 Afghans ( Mujahideens ) used guerilla warfare to drive the Soviets out Result: stalemate => Soviets forced to withdraw 1988 – Ceasefire

corine
Download Presentation

Afghanistan (Soviet afghan war) 1979-88

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Afghanistan (Soviet afghan war) 1979-88 By: Anmol Gupta & Bavika Atputhajeyam

  2. General Overview • Duration 10 years • Started on Dec. 27th, 1979 • Afghans (Mujahideens) used guerilla warfare to drive the Soviets out • Result: stalemate => Soviets forced to withdraw • 1988 – Ceasefire • 1989 – Soviets withdrew • Ended on Feb. 15th, 1989

  3. Causes • Soviets – expand communism to neighbouring countries • Afghanistan – Marxist government was opposed by many Afghans • 1978 - Overthrow of Afghan central gov’t and a Marxist gov’t was placed. • Rebellion of Mujahideens => Soviets intervention in 1979

  4. Key players • Communists: USSR & Afghan Government • Anti-Communists: Mujahideens, US, UK, Pakistan • Leaders: US =>President Jimmy Carter (1979-81), President Ronald Reagan (1982 – 88) • USSR =>Leonoid Brezhnev (USSR) (1979-82), Yuri Andropov (1982-84), Konstantin Chernenko(1984-85), Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-88)

  5. Motivations/goals Soviets Afghans • Geographic benefits: Access of Indian Ocean through India • Trade with India • Natural resources: iron, natural gas, uranium, copper • Goal: Make Afghanistan communist and get rid of the mujahideens • Saw Soviets invasion as a threat to their culture and religion – engage in “jihad” (holy war)

  6. Events • Taraki Regime in Afghanistan • A jihad against communism launches • Brezhnev Doctrine: Right of S.U. to militarily get involved to prevent the overthrow of a neighbouring communist government. • 1979 – Soviet control over cities • 1980-81 - Mujahideen took control of countryside • 1982 – war was at a stalemate • 1982-83 - Soviets tried to eliminate the opposition by bombing areas

  7. Events Cont • 1983 – US, UK, Saudi Arabia became supporters of Mujahideens • Foreign aid was received from US • 1984-88 – Mujahideens gained the upperhand through shipments of weapons such as shoulder fired anti aircraft missiles from US and UK through Pakistan • 1985 – Soviets close in on Kabul

  8. Events Cont • Early 1989 – US, Pakistan, Afghanistan and S.U. signed an agreement to withdraw Soviet troops and return Afghanistan to peace • Soviets, with the leadership of Michael Gorbachev, agreed to withdraw troops within a 10 month period • Mujahideen take over Kabul

  9. US’s view on the war • President Jimmy Carter believed that Soviet’s action was a “blatant violation of accepted international rules of behaviour” • Limitied his sales with the USSR • Following Carter, President Ronald Reagen despised the Soviets even more and referred to them as the “evil empire”

More Related