Hazardous Waste Management - An Overview

1.    Project Science Computing Community Site Join Login Hazardous Waste Management - an overview Team info Description Industrial waste from tanning and textile production, oil re?ning, photographic or metallurgical industry or other chemical processes may fall into this category. They may also include solvents, spent oils, waste from medical and veterinary research. However, this class of waste also includes those of civil origin, such as spent batteries and expired medicines. How dangerous waste is de?ned? Waste is de?ned as "any substance or object which the holder disposes of or has the intention or obligation to discard" . Among these, hazardous waste requires special attention for collection, transport and disposal . Based on the type of substances present in them, they receive a speci?c classi?cation  Hazardous waste: hazard classes This type of waste is classi?ed according to the different hazard classes . There are, in fact, explosive, oxidizing, easily or extremely ?ammable, toxic, carcinogenic, corrosive, infected , mutagenic, eco-toxic or source of dangerous substances. The classes are made according to the type of danger represented by this type of waste: 1. HP 1 Explosive : following a chemical reaction it can develop gases that have a dangerous temperature, pressure or speed for things and people. 2. HP 2 Oxidizer : if they come into contact with oxygen they can cause combustion of other materials. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

2. 3. HP 3 Flammable: they can be liquid, solid, gaseous, reactive in contact with water, self-reactive and self-heating. 4. HP 4 Irritant: may cause eye and skin irritation. 5. HP 5 Harmful: can be toxic to some target organs if exposed or inhaled. 6. HP 6 Toxic: can be toxic if drunk, inhaled or injected. 7. HP 7 Carcinogen: can cause cancer. 8. HP 8 Corrosive: can corrode the skin. 9. HP 9 Infectious: viable microorganisms or toxins that cause disease in humans may be present. 10. HP 10 Teratogenic: it can damage fertility and human reproduction. 11. HP 11 Mutagenic: can lead to a cell's genetic mutation. 12. HP 12 Release of acute toxic gas: can release toxic gases if it comes into contact with water or acid. 13. HP 13 Sensitizer: contains sensitizing substances for the skin or respiratory organs. 14. HP 14 Economic: risky for the environment. 15. HP 15 Waste that does not directly possess one of these danger characteristics  but can manifest them Hazardous waste at infectious risk Infectious or infectious waste is generally of a sanitary nature. These are those materials coming from infectious isolation environments where there is the risk of aerial biological transmission. They may also include waste contaminated with biological ?uids secreted or excreted by patients in infectious isolation. They also include burial , cremation , exhumation and extumulation waste . Hazardous waste in agriculture Agricultural waste can also present a degree of danger. These are mainly used oils from engines, brakes and hydraulic transmissions, exhausted batteries, vehicles and machines to be scrapped, plant protection products that are no longer usable, drugs for zoo technical use that are no longer usable or expired. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

3. Other wastes produced by farms, such as used vegetable oils, used tires or plastics , are not included among the potentially dangerous ones. How to dispose of hazardous waste How to manage hazardous waste To reduce the high environmental impact, it is necessary to treat them in a special way. Depending on the conditions in which they are located and the type, they can undergo different types of disposal . For example, some solvents and acids and bases can still be recovered or regenerated, other hazardous materials can be subjected to a chemical- physical-biological treatment, or be sent to incineration, while money waste can also be sent to land?lls. How to store hazardous waste By storage we mean all the disposal activities that foresee both the recovery and the preliminary deposit of the waste. This temporary deposit, which is often located on the production site, must in any case involve a correct separation of the waste and not generate any type of pollution of the soil, subsoil or water. Throughout the entire chain of treatment of these special wastes, from storage, to transport to disposal, it must always be provided that they bear special labeling , which must also mark the storage area and the containers in which they are stored. How hazardous waste is disposedof Their removal from the storage area takes place with means authorized for the transport of special and dangerous waste, to then be temporarily stored to carry out analyzes on a sample that will indicate at which plant they must be transferred. Every year or every 3 months, based on the quantity, they are transported to special recovery or disposal plants according to the nature and danger of the waste. Thus ends the life cycle of a special hazardous or non-hazardous waste. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

4. There are private companies that deal with waste management, but large municipal companies also offer this service. Where to dispose of hazardous waste Generally it is necessary to inquire about the presence of speci?c collection centers or contact specialized disposal companies. Some municipal companies offer a paid home disposal service for private individuals who want to get rid of a series of special hazardous and non-hazardous waste, also providing ad hoc containers, compliant with legal requirements, and suitable and authorized means. Various types of hazardous waste include: 1. Waste paints 2. Ink scraps 3. Exhausted solutions for ?xing and bleaching 4. Aqueous washing solutions 5. Non chlorinated emulsions 6. Spent mineral oils 7. Oil and diesel ?lters 8. Exhausted solvents antifreeze and for grease 9. Solutions for distillation of solvents 10. Rags, sanitary towels, clothing 11. Batteries 12. Brake pads 13. Activated carbon ?lters 14. Sandblasting powders 15. Car glasses 16. Scrap vehicles 17. Adhesives and sealants 18. Pickling acids 19. Various solvents 20. Dry ?lters 21. Paint metal containers Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

5. 22. Clean plastic containers 23. Plastic parts and bumpers 24. Catalytic muf?ers 25. Antifreeze liquids 26. Brake ?uids 27. Spray cans 28. Rock wool 29. Medicines 30. Toner 31. Alkaline batteries 32. Fuel oils and diesel fuels 33. Fuels and mixtures WEEE: are they hazardous waste? Waste from electrical and electronic equipment ( WEEE ) falls into this category. Usually they come from household appliances, such as computers and electric tools that are no longer usable or old. Therefore, they require separate collection of washing machines, refrigerators, cell phones, etc. Toners are hazardous waste The toner printing can be classi?ed as hazardous waste or less based on the substances present in it. Printer cartridges: they are hazardous waste The cartridges for printers follow the same directions of the toner around the waste classi?cation. Copiers and fax machines also fall into this category. Exhausted batteries: they are hazardous waste Exhausted batteries and batteries represent waste to be disposed of correctly given their potential danger. Neon are: hazardous waste Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

6. The neon , such as ?uorescent tubes or low energy lamps, may contain hazardous substances such as mercury . For correct disposal it is therefore necessary to treat them appropriately and handle them with care. Expired drugs: they are hazardous waste Expired drugs are considered non-hazardous medical waste , which is why they are regulated by the rules on special non-hazardous waste. Only cytotoxic and gyrostatic medicines (i.e. capable of destroying cells with which they come into contact, such as chemotherapy for example) are considered dangerous, so they follow the ad hoc legislation on hazardous waste. Therefore, the separate collection of expired drugs used in the home can be done by bringing the drugs to the appropriate centers, or to pharmacies and medical clinics equipped with the appropriate bins. Exhausted oils: they are hazardous waste All exhausted oils from industrial processing are classi?ed as dangerous . Even exhausted frying oils produced in the domestic environment require that they not be dispersed in the environment due to their dangerousness. Ferrous scrap: they are Hazardous Waste Management Authorization Some types of metal scrap , ferrous and non-ferrous, under certain conditions cease to be considered dangerous. Aggregates: they are hazardous waste The inert waste, from the demolition of buildings and products to construction sites, are classi?ed as hazardous waste. Refrigerators: they are hazardous waste The refrigerators in the category of Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). They are considered dangerous by current legislation due to their signi?cant impact on the environment and for the refrigerant gases they contain. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

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