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FOUNDATIONS

FOUNDATIONS. Introduction & The Beginning of the World. Foundations. Signup The Genesis of Foundations Our answers cannot be elementary Intentions for this tool Consider who you might go through this with Schedule 7 weeks, 2 sections each week No class on March 17 th or 31 st

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FOUNDATIONS

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  1. FOUNDATIONS Introduction & The Beginning of the World

  2. Foundations • Signup • The Genesis of Foundations • Our answers cannot be elementary • Intentions for this tool • Consider who you might go through this with • Schedule • 7 weeks, 2 sections each week • No class on March 17th or 31st • Feedback wanted!

  3. Genesis 1:1 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. • God exists. • God brought into existence time, space and matter. • God is outside of time. • God is immensely powerful. • The universe was created with intention.

  4. Romans 1:19-20 19 For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. 20 For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.

  5. Syllogism A kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two or more others (the premises). Example: Premise 1: All humans are mortal. Premise 2: All Greeks are humans. Conclusion: All Greeks are mortal.

  6. The KalamCosmological Argument • Whatever begins to exist has a cause. • The universe began to exist. • Therefore, the universe has a cause.

  7. Premise 1: Whatever Begins to Exist Has a Cause • Nothing comes into existence out of nothing • If something did, why wouldn’t we see things popping into existence all the time? • It’s constantly confirmed in our experience

  8. Objection: What Caused God? • Requires restating Premise 1 to say: • Everything that exists must have a cause Instead of… • Everything that begins to exist has a cause • God, by definition, is timeless and therefore uncaused

  9. Objection:Quantum Mechanics It is said that on the sub-atomic level, events are uncaused. Responses: • Not everyone believes they are uncaused • Regardless, particles (or universes) still don’t come from nothing

  10. Premise 2: The Universe Began to Exist Scientific Reasons for a Beginning • The Expansion of the Universe “Of all the great predictions that science has ever made over the centuries, was there ever one greater than this, to predict, and predict correctly, and predict against all expectation a phenomenon so fantastic as the expansion of the universe.” John Wheeler

  11. Premise 2: The Universe Began to Exist Scientific Reasons for a Beginning • The Expansion of the Universe • Thermodynamics Philosophical Reason for a Beginning • An infinite series of events is not possible • Certain mathematical absurdities • Example: Planetary orbits

  12. Fine-Tuning • Rate of Expansion of the Universe (1017) • Cosmological Constant (10120) • Low Entropy Condition (1010(123))

  13. Alternative Models • Oscillating Models • Vacuum Fluctuation Models • Multiverse Scenarios • Quantum Gravity Models • String Scenarios

  14. Responses • Models that describe an eternal universe still do not deal with the philosophical/mathematical objection to a series of infinite events • Models are highly speculative and not based on observational data • The math of string scenarios has not yet been fully solved • The math of certain models is often contrived and does not necessarily correspond to reality (imaginary time and many dimensions) • Many models still do not avoid a need for fine-tuning • Models still do not avoid a beginning • Models still describe something coming from something • The development of such models is metaphysically motivated

  15. Arthur Eddington “The beginning seems to present insuperable difficulties unless we agree to look on it as frankly supernatural.”

  16. Genesis 1:1 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.

  17. Genesis 1 • Created Time and Space • Rational Communication: “And God said…and it was so.” • Standard of Good and Bad: “God saw that it was good.” • Intrinsic Worth in God’s Image • Relationship within Unity • Continuity between the Creation and the Creation

  18. The Big Bang • Evidences of Design • Structural Issues • Timing Issues

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