Basics of ADS-B Sharing Ho Wee Sin Principal Engineer (Surveillance)

1. SEA/BOB ADS-B WG/8 – SP/11 Basics of ADS-B Sharing Ho Wee Sin Principal Engineer (Surveillance)

2. Contents • Cost Apportionment Principles • Arrangements to Provide Services • Data Sharing Agreement

3. COST APPORTIONMENT PRINCIPLES

4. Cost-Apportionment Principles General: User-pay principle • If an ADS-B GS serves solely (or significantly) the need of the owner ANSP, the cost of installation and maintenance should be borne by the owner ANSP.

5. Cost-Apportionment Principles • If an ADS-B GS provides surveillance data to the owner ANSP as well as the adjacent ANSPs, the owner ANSP may, if it desires to do so, work out the cost apportionment with the adjacent ANSPs. The cost components below may be considered: • (i) installation of the ADS-B ground station; • (ii) maintenance & operations of the ADS-B ground station; and • (iii) sharing of ADS-B surveillance data.

6. Cost-Apportionment Principles • If it is necessary for an ADS-B ground station to be installed in one State which serves solely (or significantly) the needs of an adjacent ANSP (the user ANSP), the cost of installation and maintenance of the ADS-B ground station should as far as possible be borne by the user ANSP.

7. Cost-Apportionment Principles • The tier of service level should also be considered when formulating the actual cost apportion.

8. Cost-Apportionment Principles • Indonesia - Singapore • Exchanges ADS-B data without cost • Cost of VHF facilities charged to Singapore • Singapore – Vietnam • Cost of implementing and maintaining ADS-B and VHF charged to Singapore • Australia – Indonesia • Exchanges ADS-B data without cost

9. Arrangement to provide services

10. Possible arrangements (1) • Provider provides the service • Provider will install the equipment and performs the maintenance • User pays the provider directly

11. Possible arrangements (2) • Delegating the responsibility to appointed company • Provider agreeing to data sharing • Provider appoints a company to provide services • User pays the appointed company directly

12. Possible arrangements (3) • Mixture of both • Part of the services performed by providers • Part of the services performed by appointed company • User pays to both provider and appointed company

13. Possible arrangement (4) • Third Parties Service Provider • States become users and all pay to the service provider. • States can negotiate directly with service provider.

14. Financing Models • Upfront payment vs recovery over a period • Upfront payment • Higher upfront cost • Recovery over a period • Interest may be imposed

15. Data sharing agreement

16. Items in Data Sharing Agreement • Pre-amble • ADS-B enhances safety • APANPIRG, IATA and CANSO encourages such collaboration • Definitions and Interpretations • Defines the various terms • Objective of the Agreement • Improve safety and operational efficiency by providing ADS-B coverage • Where applicable, in areas including and up to 150NM from FIR boundary • Provision of Equipment and Private Circuits • Parties responsible for providing equipment and private circuits in their premises. • They will collaborate for testing. • Operations and Maintenance • Parties responsible for maintain equipment and private circuits in their premises. • Parties inform each other in the event of breaks in service. • Modifications • Parties to reach an agreement whenever modifications are necessary

17. Items in Data Sharing Agreement • Costs • The agreed cost apportionment • Limitations on Use and Communication of ADS-B Data • Data will be used for civil air traffic control • Liability • [To be mutually agreed] • Force Majeure • Provider will not be in breach if service breaks during force mejeure • Settlement of Disputes • [To be mutually agreed] • Final Provisions • Nothing in the agreement prejudice primary obligation of parties to provide safe ATC. • Duration • The agreed duration of the agreement. • Entire Agreement • Stating that the Agreement is the entire agreement. No other side agreements

18. Items in Data Sharing Agreement • Amendment • No modification of agreement unless in writing and signed by authorised representative. • Rights of Third Parties • Rights of third parties are excluded • Annex A - Providers and Users of ADS-B and DCPC Facilities • To identify the providers and the users • Annex B - Implementation Schedule • To state the implementation and testing schedule of the various facilities • Annex C – Technical Scope of Works • To define the scope of works of each party and the technical details of the facilities. • Annex D – Cost • To define the manner cost is shared and the manner of payment. • Annex E – Correspondence • To define the official means of correspondence.

19. Likely issues to be resolved • Contract period • Some organisations have maximum number of years for agreements • Depreciation period of equipment • Some organisations impose depreciation periods • Capital investment has to be recovery by end of depreciation period • Choice of words • Different States interprete words slightly differently • Need to find compromise

20. Likely issues to be resolved • Financing • Some organisations pay capital investment upfront • Others pay over a certain period • Bank interest is a consideration • Payment • Choice of currency • Payments dates • Before or after service • Loss of services • Penalty

21. Thank You