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Teaching Higher-Order Thinking Skills

Teaching Higher-Order Thinking Skills. Dr. Yu-Lan Lin Boston Public Schools ylin@boston.k12.ma.us. Elements of Critical Thinking Skills. Observation Facts Inferences Assumptions Opinions Arguments Critical Analysis. Different Types of Thinking:. Critical Thinking Creative Thinking

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Teaching Higher-Order Thinking Skills

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  1. Teaching Higher-Order Thinking Skills Dr. Yu-Lan Lin Boston Public Schools ylin@boston.k12.ma.us

  2. Elements of Critical Thinking Skills • Observation • Facts • Inferences • Assumptions • Opinions • Arguments • Critical Analysis

  3. Different Types of Thinking: • Critical Thinking • Creative Thinking • Convergent Thinking • Divergent Thinking • Inductive Thinking • Deductive Thinking • Close/Open Questions

  4. Bloom’s Taxonomy • Knowledge • Comprehension • Application • Analysis • Synthesis • Evaluation

  5. Ability to Think • Problem solving • Decision making • Systems thinking • Critical, analytical thinking • Imagining situations • Forming hypothesis • Transferring learning to new situations

  6. How to Foster Higher-Order Thinking • Multi-level materials • Flexible grouping • Accept and celebrate diversity • Print-rich environment • High expectations • Teacher as co-learner • Nurture risk-taking

  7. Activities that Foster Higher-Order Thinking • Collaborative activities • Problem-solving activities • Open-ended activities • Multiple intelligences activities • Inquiry/discovery-based activities

  8. Questions that Foster Higher-Order Thinking • Key /Essential questions • Open-ended questions • “Why” questions • “How” questions

  9. Questions that Probe Reasons and Evidence • How do you know it? • What difference does it make? • How could we find out if it is true? • What make you say that? • Are these reasons adequate? • Could you explain your reasons?

  10. Questions about Perspectives • Why did Chinese people choose this viewpoint? • How would Chinese people respond? • What influenced Chinese people to do it? • What might Chinese people think? • Did Chinese people see it this way? • How are Chinese and American’s ideas alike? Different?

  11. Questions that Imply • What else might happen? Why? • Would that actually happen or probably happen? • What is the alternative? • If A and B are true, what would that mean? • When you say A does not work, are you suggesting B might work?

  12. Recall Questions • Define the term, what is … • Name three items of… • What happened in the story? • Who did it? • Where is it? • When did it happen?

  13. Analysis Questions • What caused it to happen? • In what sequence did it happen? • What information is needed? • What does it symbolize? • Explain how it works • What is the purpose of it? • What is the relationship between A and B?

  14. Comparison Questions • How is A like B? • How are A and B different? • Compare something before and after • Compare something then and now • Distinguish A from the group • Which one is more… • Which one is less…

  15. Inference Questions • What would happen if… • Predict how something will end • What is the overall theme? • What can you conclude about something • What generalization can you make from this information? • What will be a solution?

  16. Evaluation Questions • Is something worthwhile? Explain • Do you think the argument convincing? • What would you have done in that situation? • Is it the best solution? • How well are the conclusions supported? • Is that a wise action? • Justify your opinion

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