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Brain Computer Interface

Brain Computer Interface. 指導老師：李柏磊 副教授 報告者：電機三 B 葉姿妤 電機二 A 蕭有容 電機二 B 陳迺惠. Outlines. What is BCI? How does it work? Brain Wave Control Simple introduction of the brain Data Acquisition Apps Drawbacks & Future Q&A. You can make it with BCI ！. What is BCI?.

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Brain Computer Interface

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  1. Brain Computer Interface 指導老師：李柏磊 副教授 報告者：電機三B 葉姿妤 電機二A 蕭有容 電機二B 陳迺惠

  2. Outlines • What is BCI? • How does it work? • Brain Wave Control • Simple introduction of the brain • Data Acquisition • Apps • Drawbacks & Future • Q&A

  3. You can make it with BCI ！

  4. What is BCI?

  5. Brain -Computer Interface -Direct Neural Interface or Brain-Machine Interface • Direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. • Research on BCIs began in the 1970s at the University of California Los Angeles

  6. How does it work? • Signal Acquisition • Signal Processing • Devices

  7. Brain Wave Control

  8. Brain Wave Control • Active • α (8 – 12 Hz): relaxed/reflecting • β (12 – 30 Hz): alert/working - Training - Misjudgment

  9. Brain Wave Control • Passive • Evoked potentials

  10. Brain Wave Control • Passive • Evoked potentials

  11. Brain Wave Control • Passive • Evoked potentials

  12. Simple introduction of the brain Focus on cortex

  13. Cerebral cortex大腦皮質 Midbrain中腦 Cerebellum小腦

  14. Structure of the cortex

  15. Cortex(皮質)

  16. Primary Somatosensory Cortex 主要身體感覺區 • Primary Motor Cortex 主要運動區 • Motor Association Cortex 運動聯合區

  17. Sensory Association Area 感覺聯合區 • Visual Association Area 視覺聯合區 • Visual Cortex 視覺皮質區 • Wernicke's Area 威氏區

  18. Prefrontal Cortex 前額葉皮質區 • Speech Center (Broca‘s Area) 布洛卡氏區 • Auditory Cortex 聽覺皮質區 • Auditory Association Area 聽覺聯合區

  19. Data Acquisition

  20. Data Acquisition • Invasive BCIs • Non-Invasive BCIs • Partially-Invasive BCIs • Wireless BCIs

  21. Invasive BCIs • Implanted: grey matter • Signals: highest quality • Scar-tissue build-up • Target: • repairing damaged sight • providing new functionality to persons with paralysis • Artificial Vision System

  22. Electrode Arrays

  23. App.- Artificial Vision 4X4 16 pixels 8X8 64 pixels 12X12 144 pixels 16X16 256 pixels 32X32 1024 pixels 128X128 16384 pixels

  24. Non-Invasive BCIs • poor signal resolution • power muscle implants and restore partial movement • Interfaces • EEG • MEG • MRI

  25. MEG • Magnetoencephalography • Magnetic Field: 10-15T ~10-13T (Weak!!) • S.Q.U.I.D. Sensors • Shielded Room

  26. Magnetic Field

  27. Partially-Invasive BCIs • Implanted: skull • lower risk of forming scar-tissue in the brain • Signal quality between invasive BCIs & non-invasive BCIs

  28. Wireless BCIs • More practical • Embedding multiple chips • More complicated thoughts • Transmission with RF • key requirement: keep the heat down

  29. Wireless BCIs • Size: 2cm in diameter、8cm thick • Low cost • Receive Distance: 10m ~ 50m

  30. Examples of BCI

  31. Rats implanted with BCIs in Theodore Berger’s experiments

  32. Monkey operating a robotic arm with BCIs

  33. Controlling a robotic dog with BCI

  34. A man operates the computer with his EEG

  35. A man operates the computer with his EEG

  36. 頂葉 P300->300ms

  37. Disadvantages • Headache • Exhausting • Laziness Degenerate

  38. Future • Integrate with different territory • From lab to factory • Nursing and medical treatment

  39. References • http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices/the-brainmachine-interface-unplugged/0 • http://www.seeingwithsound.com/etumble.htm • http://www.yct.com.tw/life/98drum/98drum17.pdf • http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2007/new/may/24/today-life3.htm • http://hi.ctust.edu.tw/mediawiki/index.php/%E8%85%A6%E6%A9%9F%E4%BB%8B%E9%9D%A2%28BCI%29

  40. Q&A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

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