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Cell Transport Passive and Active

Cell Transport Passive and Active. Plasma Membrane = “selectively permeable” (lets certain things in & keeps others out) Plasma membrane is used to maintain homeostasis (maintain a constant internal environment).

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Cell Transport Passive and Active

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  1. Cell TransportPassive and Active

  2. Plasma Membrane = “selectively permeable” • (lets certain things in & keeps others out) • Plasma membrane is used to maintain homeostasis (maintain a constant internal environment)

  3. I. Passive Transport= movement of a substance through a cell membrane without using any energy 1. Diffusion= movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration • difference in concentration is called a concentration gradient • diffusion occurs until equilibrium is reached

  4. 2.) Osmosis= diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration • Solute = a substance dissolved in another substance (ex. Kool-Aid) • Solvent = a substance that does the dissolving (ex. Water) • Solution = mixture of solutes & solvents

  5. Isotonic Solution = concentration of solutes is same inside & outside of a cell (at equilibrium)

  6. Hypotonic Solution = low solute, high solvent • Ex. Cell swells when placed in a hypotonic solution – cell lysis (explodes)

  7. Hypertonic Solution = high solute, low solvent • Ex. Cell shrinks when placed in a hypertonic solution – cell crenation

  8. iso, hypo, & hyper refer to the solutes!! hypertonic Isotonic hypotonic

  9. Facilitated Diffusion = transport of particles through a membrane by a channel protein (No energy needed!) • II.) Active Transport = using energy to transport particles through a membrane against a concentration gradient (lesser concentration to greater concention)

  10. Active Transport

  11. Weeee!!! high low This is gonna be hard work!! high low Types of Cellular Transport • Active Transport cell does use energy • Protein Pumps • Endocytosis • Exocytos • Passive Transport cell doesn’t use energy • Diffusion • Facilitated Diffusion • Osmosis

  12. Active Transport • cell uses energy • actively moves molecules to where they are needed • Movement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration • (Low  High) • Three Types:

  13. Sodium Potassium Pumps (Active Transport using proteins) Types of Active Transport • 1. Protein Pumps -transport proteins that require energy to do work • Example: Sodium / Potassium Pumps are important in nerve responses. Protein changes shape to move molecules: this requires energy!

  14. Types of Active Transport • 2.Endocytosis: taking bulky material into a cell • Uses energy • Cell membrane in-folds around food particle • “cell eating” • forms food vacuole & digests food • This is how white blood cells eat bacteria!

  15. Types of Active Transport Endocytosis & Exocytosis animations 3. Exocytosis:Forces material out of cell in bulk • membrane surrounding the material fuses with cell membrane • Cell changes shape – requires energy • EX: Hormones or wastes released from cell

  16. How well did you do today? • Molecules move from areas of lowconcentration to areas of high concentrationthrough the process of • osmosis. • diffusion. • passive transport. • active transport.

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