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Distribution Feeder Voltage Regulation and Control

Distribution Feeder Voltage Regulation and Control. W. H. Kersting Milsoft Utility Solutions. Purpose of This Paper. Present ANSI Voltage Standards Present Step Voltage Regulator What it is Control Settings Model IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder Steps in regulating voltage on the test feeder.

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Distribution Feeder Voltage Regulation and Control

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  1. Distribution Feeder Voltage Regulation and Control W. H. Kersting Milsoft Utility Solutions

  2. Purpose of This Paper • Present ANSI Voltage Standards • Present Step Voltage Regulator • What it is • Control Settings • Model • IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder • Steps in regulating voltage on the test feeder

  3. The ANSI Voltage Standards • Range A • Nominal Utilization Voltage = 115 volts • Maximum Utilization Voltage = 126 volts • Minimum Service Voltage = 114 volts • Minimum Utilization Voltage = 110 volts • Range B • Nominal Utilization Voltage = 115 volts • Maximum Utilization Voltage = 127 volts • Minimum Service Voltage = 110 volts • Minimum Utilization Voltage = 107 volts

  4. ANSI Range A Critical Voltages

  5. Voltage Drop Assumptions • 1 Volt drop on the service drop • 2 Volt drop on the secondary • 3 Volt drop through the transformer • Minimum Voltage at the Transformer Primary Terminals will be 120 volts

  6. Voltage Profiles

  7. Step Voltage Regulator

  8. Type B Step Voltage Regulator

  9. The Step-Voltage Regulator Model

  10. Three Phase Voltage Regulator Model

  11. Model Matrix

  12. Compensator Circuit

  13. Control Panel

  14. Control Circuit

  15. Regulator Control Settings • Voltage Level – voltage to hold at the regulation point • R and X setting (volts) – Equivalent impedance from the regulator to the regulation point • Time Delay – time after a tap change required before the tap is changed • Bandwidth – allowed deviation from the set voltage level

  16. Compensator Impedance

  17. Equivalent Line Impedance

  18. Bandwidth

  19. IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder(Modified)

  20. Modifications • Line 4-12 changed to phases B-C • Transformer 6-7 changed to Ungrounded Wye – Delta • Load at Node 7 converted to Delta-PQ • Load at Node 8 converted to Delta-PQ • Load at Node 14 changed to phase B with constant Z load • Load added at Node 5: 300 + j145.3 kVA

  21. Step 1 • Select regulation point to be Node 4 • Run power-flow with source set to 126 volts • Display Voltage Profile • Compute compensator impedance

  22. Step 1 Voltage Profile

  23. Voltages and Currents from Power-Flow Run

  24. Compensator R and X Settting

  25. Full Load with Regs, no Caps

  26. Observations • Regulator taps • Phase a: 11 • Phase b: 12 • Phase c: 15 • Concern about high voltage at Node 2 • Need to add shunt capacitors

  27. Shunt Capacitors • Source reactive power • Phase A: 765 kvar • Phase B: 809 kvar • Phase C; 1105 kvar • Install shunt capacitors • Node 3: 100 kvar per phases a,b,c • Node 4: 600 kvar per phases a,b,c • Node 13: 150 kvar on phase c

  28. Full Load with Regs and Caps

  29. Observations • Regulator taps • Phase a: 5 • Phase b: 6 • Phase c: 7 • Notice good voltage balance • All voltages between 120 and 122 volts at Node 4

  30. 50% Load with all Capacitors

  31. 50% Load with 900 kvar at Node 4 switched off

  32. 10% Load Growth with original caps

  33. 10% Load Growth100 kvar per phase added at node 4

  34. Questions?

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