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Feeder based DSM: Efficient Distribution Management

Feeder based DSM: Efficient Distribution Management. -- Vijay L Sonavane Member MERC 29 th April 2010. Issues for Discussion. Features of conventional DSM initiatives Rationale for feeder-based DSM programs Feeder-profile & Consumption pattern analysis

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Feeder based DSM: Efficient Distribution Management

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  1. Feeder based DSM: Efficient Distribution Management -- Vijay L Sonavane Member MERC 29thApril 2010

  2. Issues for Discussion • Features of conventional DSM initiatives • Rationale for feeder-based DSM programs • Feeder-profile & Consumption pattern analysis • Feeder-based implementation process • Summing up..

  3. Features of conventional DSM initiatives

  4. Conventional DSM initiatives • DSM system initiatives focus on large-scale/dispersed promotion of Load Management & Conservation measures • Examples: • CFLs in Urban/Rural sector or FTLs in multiple areas • Fans, A/Cs and Refrigerators: Urban System • Commercial building chiller replacements: Metro System • Measurement & Verification done through: • Engineering calculations & Actual metering • Apparently difficult to notice the savings

  5. TOU tariff: DSM Option • Time Of Use (TOU) tariff: Important DSM option • Cost of purchasing peak power is the highest, so energy charges for peak time should be high • Basic aim: to reduce peak time use of energy • TOU tariff concept right from first MERC tariff order in May 2000. • TOU tariff for: HT Industries/ HT PWW/ LT Industries & LT Com: > 20 KW DEMD/ LT PWW/ HT Com

  6. TOU for IND HT • Basic tariff EXP: 505 Ps/U, Non-Exp: 460 Ps/U Time Slots: TOU Tariff : TTL tariff : Hrs in week 06-09 & 12-18 : 00 PS/U : 505 PS/U : 63 09-12 : (+) 80 Ps/U : 585 PS/U : 21 18-22 : (+) 110 PS/U : 615 PS/U : 28 22-06 : (-) 85 PS/U : 420 PS/U : 56 Average tariff = 505 PS/U • Consider a consumer uses 1 Unit all throughout the day • TOU charges: 3x80 + 4x110 + 8(-85) = 240+440-680 = 00 PS • No incentive for shifting of loads for continuous IND

  7. International practice for TOU tariff • Pacific Gas & Electric Co. US (Res tariff) (from 1st March 2010) Residential (E-6): Base line Energy charges: • Summer: (May-Oct) Peak : 01-07 PM (Mon Fri) : $ 0.30142 (30 H) Partial Peak: 07-09 AM & 10 AM-0100 PM (MF) & 05-08 PM (Sat) : $ 0.14865 (38 H) off-peak: All other periods : $ 0.10324 (100H) Average Tariff= $ 0.1477 PU • Winter (Nov-Apr) Partial Peak: 05-08 PM (Mon Fri) : $ 0. 10319 (15 H) Off peak : $ 0.09112 (153H) Average tariff = $ 0.092197 PU

  8. TOU in MSEDCL (Feb 2010) (*) Consider 1 MW continuous load

  9. Power Factor Penalty/ Incentive • For HT IND/Com/PWW/ AG/ HT RC/ LT Com & IND >20KW, LT PWW LT • For PF> 0.95, 1% incentive of amount of monthly bill, for each 1% improvement in PF > 0.95. For 0.99 PF, incentive is 5% & for unity PF Incentive is 7% • For <0.90 PF, penal charges shall be @2% of the amount of monthly bill for first 1% fall below 0.90, beyond which penalty is 1% for each % point fall in PF. • In FEB 2010 billing, 18,647 Consumers paid PF penalty of Rs 7.41 Crores & 30,800 consumers got PF Incentive of Rs 73.17 Crores. • Installation of Capacitors Higher PF  PF incentive

  10. Rationale for feeder-based DSM

  11. Context of feeder-based DSM initiative … a scenario Source Reliability Price Supply position Revenue collection Sub Station MW, MU, PF, THD, V, f Demand interface -- Consumers – (Domestic, Industrial, PWW, Commercial) -- Interface leading to reduced demand-supply gaps

  12. Advantages of feeder-based DSM options • Utility can choose feeders, where: • Transformer loading is high • Cost-to-serve is high • Existing DT and feeder metering & Energy Accounting infrastructure will be used for feeder based DSM • Pre & post-DSM implementation: energy throughput and load data will be used • Easy to track savings • Savings can provide essential equity in project selection

  13. Feeder-based DSM implementation & SMART-Grids • Integrated communications … real-time information & control • Remote data acquisition, real-time triggers (at consumer end) • Sensing & measurement technologies…remote monitoring, TOU and DSM • Online/”visible” knowledge of fossil/Green Power &energy costs; real-time switch over between energy sources • Demand-response programs • Advanced control methods…rapid diagnosis • Apriori knowledge of grid failures, support to data centers, hospitals (essential loads) • Improved interfaces & decision support • Higher integration with the load dispatch functions

  14. Feeder profiles/ Consumption pattern Analysis

  15. Feeder & DT metering: Issues • 11,401 feeders (11/22/33KV)/ 2.86 Lakh DTs • Monitoring of feeder & DT Meter status • Metering System: (Meter + CTs + PTs) • At EHV & 33/11KV, 22/11KV substations hourly meter readings are taken, but at many places, only Ammeters are available. • DT metering & DT meter reading is an issue • Consumer Indexing (DT Consumers)

  16. Analysis of consumption (per consumer utilization) (1/3)

  17. Analysis of consumption (per consumer utilization) (2/3)

  18. Analysis of consumption (per consumer utilization) (3/3)

  19. Salient Observations for MSEDCL • Average Monthly Consumption (Units/consumer/month): Res: 86 Com:217 LT IND: 1140 LT PWW:874 LT AG: 477 LT Hoardings: 1918 St Light: 866 • LT AG/Consumer/Month consumption is higher than Res & Com • ABR: (PS/Unit) Res: 439 LT, Com: 815, HT COM: 995, St. Light: 365 LT Hording: 1548, HT-R Complexes: 500, LT PWW: 240 HT IND E: 501, LT IND: 555, HT PWW: 399, HT AG: 85, LT AG: 61, P/L: 202 (AVG ABR: 403 PS/U) • Taking Consumer/ feeder/ DT meter readings at regular interval is essential. Billing through Assessment has to be minimized. • Pilot project results should be discussed at all levels during various review meetings.

  20. COMPARISON of UTILITIES in Maharashtra (LT Res Consumers)

  21. Consumer Base Vs Sale (%) analysis

  22. Type of Feeders in MSEDCL

  23. Feeder-based DSM implementation process

  24. Feeder-based DSM Project Development • Feeder identification: • Sequence: EHV/HV IND EXP, Non Express feeders, MIDC feeders, PWW feeders, Separated AG & Gaothan Feeders, Urban, Rural feeders • Data generation: feeder wise consumer mapping • Data analysis: Pre DSM consumption data & expected results after DSM • DSM benefit-cost analysis: Energy savings • Tendering & implementation: Period to be minimum • Monitoring and verification: Third party evaluation

  25. DSM Program process Identify project & negotiate with customers Submit initial application Approve initial application based on defined criteria Allocate / reserve funding Finalize measures and prepare M&V plans Prepare standard offer agreement Submit final application Approve or reject application Submit installation report Initiate project Approve or reject installation report Make installation payment Conduct M&V activities and submit savings reports Approve or reject savings reports Make performance payments Utility actions Project sponsor actions

  26. Rural feeder-based DSM options • DSM Scheme can be developed around: • Energy throughput at the rural 11 KV interface (meter) • Linking of ( i) agriculture pumping,(ii) rural industries, (iii) households and (iv) municipal systems (lighting, water pumping) as a seamless module • DSM integration options include: • Efficient end-use in the rural household (CFL, EE fans) • Efficient pumping: EE pumps (Mangalvedha Project) • Water conservation measures (saving water & Energy) • Productive use of biomass (Gassifiers & Biomass Fuel)

  27. Urban feeder-based DSM options • Mixed feeders with commercial, public-buildings, water pumping and residential feeders: • Energy throughput at dedicated sub-station or 33/11 KV interface (Correct metering) • Benefits from variety of end-users (Mixed feeder) • Lighting (CFL, FTL), Star rating Fans, A/Cs & Refrigerators, EE Society water pump/motor, Commercial use to be reduced, LT Industries: EE motors, Capacitors.

  28. Summing up …

  29. Conclusions … • Benefits of DSM are the best on feeders & DTs which are overloaded. Immediate CAPEX investments can be deferred, for some time. • High Quality of metering of feeders & DTs is required for getting the benefits of demand shift, Energy Conservation & Load Management • Sequence of Feeder DSM implementation: Dedicated AG/IND feeders, MIDC areas, Commercial buildings, housing complexes, mixed Urban feeders & mixed Rural feeders with AG/village loads • Monetization of benefits of such locations will yield true cost-benefit analysis of such efforts.

  30. “If it is to be… It is up to me!” Mother Teresa 30

  31. THANK YOU!! (email : vlsonavane@gmail.com)

  32. " My motto in life is that… Nothing is impossible, No target is unachievable… One just has to try harder and harder…" KIRAN BEDI 33

  33. “Dream is not what you see in sleep. • Dream is the thing which does not let you sleep.” -Dr.AbdulKalam 34

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