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Trade and Globalisation Indicators work at OECD

Trade and Globalisation Indicators work at OECD. Presentation to the WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009 A. Lindner, Head Trade and Globalisation Statistics, OECD Andreas.lindner@oecd.org. Integrated set of detailed, policy-relevant databases and indicators. OECD data warehouse OECD.Stat

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Trade and Globalisation Indicators work at OECD

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  1. Trade and Globalisation Indicators work at OECD Presentation to the WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009 A. Lindner, Head Trade and Globalisation Statistics, OECD Andreas.lindner@oecd.org WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  2. Integrated set of detailed, policy-relevant databases and indicators • OECD data warehouse OECD.Stat • data at your fingertips, including customized ways to search, visualize, re-arrange and export data • Arranged by themes • Fully integrated flow from collection, processing, dissemination and publication using unique (especially developed) tools (e.g. StatLink) • Permanently linked to OECD analysis WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  3. How to ensure relevance? • Internally: • Work Programme through WPTGS (OECD Working Party on Trade in Goods and Trade in Services Statistics) • Embedded in OECDs statistical coordination (SPG, ASTF, CSTAT) • Users across OECD provide feedback and request special compilations (e.g. high-tech trade, ISIC – breakdown, etc.) • Participation in other relevant WPs or Expert Groups at OECD WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  4. How to ensure relevance? • Externally: • Close and permanent contact with OECD countries experts, WPTGS delegates, National data sources • Active participation in international co-ordination bodies with focus on methodologies and measurement issues (e.g. the two Inter-Agency Trade Task Forces, UN city groups, etc.) • Active participation in relevant statistical meetings organised by other IO’s WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  5. Where to find it?: OECD.Stat WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  6. External access easy through the Statistics Portal WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  7. General country coverage • 30 OECD countries and world-wide trading partners • Plus the 5 OECD accession countries (Russian Federation, Chile, Israel, Estonia and Slovenia) • Plus the 5 Enhanced Engagement countries (Brazil, India, Indonesia, China, South Africa) • Why 30+5+5? WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  8. OECD Globalisation analysis (Heiligendamm G7 mandate) WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  9. … and for trade: WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  10. Part I: Merchandise Trade: annual • ITCS (International Trade by Commodities Statistics), available online, on DVDs, and paper publications • All OECD countries provide to OECD the detailed annual data which OECD then provides to UNSD (MoU) and ITC • This data sharing ensures consistent re-dissemination of data across international organisations (i.e. UN’s COMTRADE is sourced from OECD for all OECD countries) WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  11. OECD Trade Analysis and databases (STAN,BTD, etc.) Non – OECD countries Joint UN/OECD System UNSD Main Economic MSIT ITCS Database Indicators OECD countries FATS OECD Trade Indicators AFA Trade in Services BoP National Accounts The OECD/UNSD Joint Trade Data Collection and Processing System WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  12. STD/PASS/TAGS – Trade and Globalisation Statistics

  13. STD/PASS/TAGS – Trade and Globalisation Statistics The example of Luxembourg

  14. Merchandise Trade: annual • Besides the “traditional "classifications HS and SITC, additional official classifications have been added: • ISIC • ICT goods (OECD classification) • High-Tech products classification (OECD list) • Full OECD.Stat functionality is ensured • Pivot dimensions • Rankings • Customized and saved queries • Export in various formats WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  15. Merchandise Trade: ITCS challenges • Not major ones, works well • Ensure continuity of smooth Inter-Agency sharing and coordination • Better coverage of re-imports and re-exports • Deal with the IMTS Rev 3 BPM6 “discordance” • Goods for processing measurement • Possible data collection gaps in future • Quantities and unit values WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  16. Merchandise Trade: monthly • MSIT (Monthly Statistics of International Trade) provides most up-to-date merchandise trade aggregates (totals, volume and unit value indices, by SITC Section, by detailed partner country) • OECD seasonally adjusts and deflates data • Available online, by subscription, on paper • Due to the current crisis, an additional advance aggregates series is under development, by which real-time monitoring of OECD countries’ monthly trade news releases will become possible • The objective is to have, for instance, in May as many countries’ aggregates available for March WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  17. MSIT is source for quarterly trade press release Volume Growth in Merchandise Trade Percentage change on the same quarter of the previous year Exports Imports WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  18. MSIT in OECD.Stat WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  19. Monthly Merchandise Trade: challenges • Add “monitoring” total aggregates data to have minus two months picture of trends • Necessity to apply similar procedure to trade in services BOP-based data aggregates • Add to OECDs crisis response Website • Value and volume indices too incomplete WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  20. Trade by Enterprise Characteristics • In co-operation with Eurostat • Matching of trade registers and business registers • Important element for globalisation analysis, SME policies, etc. • Standard indicators (value added, number of enterprises, employees) available by • enterprise size classes • top enterprises • Partner zones and countries • Number of partner countries • Commodity groups WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  21. OECD database structure TEC Data available for: 1: TEC by size classes 2: TEC by top enterprises 3: TEC by partner zones and countries 4: TEC by number of partner countries 5: TEC by commodities (CPC) Note: The extent of data availability varies between countries. Data for EU member states refer in many cases to extra-trade only.

  22. Data access • A theme called “Trade by Enterprise Characteristics” has been added to the OECD data warehouse, OECD.STAT, within the Globalisation cube: • The theme consists of the five data subsets, called I to V (‘TEC by size classes’ up to ‘TEC by commodity groups (CPC)’). • While datasets I, III and IV come with two indicators each, one of them referring to ‘number of enterprises’ and the other one to ‘Trade value’, datasets II and V deliver value figures ($US).

  23. Data access Concentration of trade (showcase example from dataset II) This new OECD.STAT theme within the Globalisation cube of course offers the usual functionalities that OECD.STAT provides for all datasets (drag & drop-functionality, individual queries, individual user-defined views, standard charts, download formats etc.).

  24. Metadata access:Top-level metadata • The methodologies used can be accessed via the metadata functionalities of OECD.STAT (red “i”), both metadata for the top-level (general methodology for the whole theme) and detailed level as well (e.g. detailed information about matching ratios by country).

  25. TEC by size classes: USA Exports, value (in % of total export value of sector) Larger intensity ofSME exporters Highly concentrated sectors

  26. Example: Concentration of Trade: Share (%) of total export value by number of employees, 2003 USA/CAN: Dominance of enterprises 250+ ISL/EST/DNK: Dominance of enterprises 0-249

  27. Number of enterprises according to number of partner countries (Exports) ISIC C-E (Mining and quarrying, total manufacturing, electricity, gas and water supply), % of total, 2003

  28. Trade value according to number of partner countries (Exports) ISIC C-E (Mining and quarrying, total manufacturing, electricity, gas and water supply), % of total, 2003

  29. Trade by Enterprise Characteristicschallenges • Extend range of participating OECD countries outside the EU • Extend to some EEP countries • From fixed indicators to more flexible “micro-type” indicators database • Add pertinent new indicators • Promote, as a general rule, better integration (or at least compatibility) of trade and business registers WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  30. Part II: Globalisation Indicators • Part of OECDs “Economic Globalisation Indicators” (EGI) and the related Handbook • Grouped together under the “Globalisation” theme in OECD.Stat • Contents is growing, at present it includes • Activity of Multinationals (more details under cluster 3) • FDI • Trade Indicators • Trade by Enterprise Characteristics (TEC) WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  31. Trade is one chapter of EGI 2009 Besides the other chapters on FDI, Multinationals, FATS etc.,

  32. Economic Globalisation Indicators: a standard approach and presentation • One page of analysis • With standard lay-out containing sources used and links to Websites in a shaded box at the bottom • An explanatory box for non-specialists, explaining • What the indicator measures • The formular • Factors to be taken into account when interpreting results • General strenghts and limitations of the indicator shown • A standardized graphical presentation • Covering OECD countries plus Accession countries and Enhanced Engagement countries (30+5+5= up to 40 countries) wherever possible • Easy to understand and interpret

  33. Online: Globalisation Indicators WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  34. The list of trade indicators (red box) • Trade as % of GDP • Trade Balance as % of GDP • World Export Market Shares • World Exp. Market Sh. by Type of Goods • Geographical Distribution of Export Shares in OECD, Accession c. and Enhanced Engagement countries • Geographical Distribution of Export Shares in Services • Import Penetration of G & S • Merchandise Trade with China and Hong Kong,China • Merchandise Trade with the Rset of World • Intra-Industry Trade • High-Tech Merchandise Trade • Sensitivity of Trade flows to Price and Income Changes

  35. …They do tell a story… • Globalisation affected countries very differently • Winners and loosers • But "grouping patterns" emerge • Heterogeneity of trends and impact on countries • No “one fits all” strategy, rather tailored analysis and approaches • Requiring cross-cutting approach for statistics and indicators development

  36. Globalisation Indicatorschallenges • Issue OECDs “Economic Globalisation Indicators” (EGI) publication in 2009 • Update and complete the underlying Handbook(HEGI) • Complete OECDs “Globalisation Cube” with data from other OECD Directorates • More outcomes indicators, less output-oriented data • Impact measures and links, but incompatible frameworks limit scope • Promote Register Integration, national enterprise IDs, Multi-national Enterprises as statistical unit (Wiesbaden City Group) • Can FDI and FATS be brought more into line? WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  37. Trade Indicatorswww.oecd.org/std/its/tradeindicators WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  38. Radar chart: access viawww.oecd.org/std/its/tradeindicators

  39. Trade Indicators WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  40. Trade Indicators • 10 Macro Indicators, country profiles, interactive radar charts and pivot tables (next slide) • Micro Indicators (RCA, Export market share, trade balance, export performance, Herfindhal Index) for • 100 HS product categories • 6 ICT categories • 80 SITC categories • 27 ISIC categories • 12 TIS categories WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  41. 1. Trade (Goods and Services) as % of GDP Central & East European countries become increasingly integrated into world economy

  42. …and average growth 2000 - 2006

  43. 2. OECD Trade Balances as % of GDP

  44. 3. World Export Market Shares (G&S) – average annual growth 2000-2006

  45. Trade Indicatorschallenges • Complete and extend coverage while preserving standard methodological approach used • Add new dimensions through integration of new indicators (for instance, I-O and trade, trade and value added, subject-specific additions) • Incorporate innovative graphic tools for visualising complex relationships over time • Promote availability using new Web-based tools (e.g. RSS feeds) WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

  46. Thank you for your attention! Andreas.lindner@oecd.org WTO Data Day, 18-19 May 2009

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