SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SUBSTANCE USAGE

1. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SUBSTANCE USAGE BY: LAURA M. SCHRAMM

2. Cannabis compounds. These compounds are found in marijuana and hashish. Central nervous system depressants. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are examples of central nervous system depressants. Phenobarbital and Seconal are examples of barbiturates. Benzodiazepines include tranquilizers such as diazepam (Valium), alprazolam (Xanax),), lorazepam (Ativan), clonazepam (Klonopin) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium). Central nervous system stimulants. This class of drugs includes amphetamines, methamphetamine, cocaine and methylphenidate (Ritalin). Designer drugs. Synthetic compounds, such as Ecstasy, which has both amphetamine-like and hallucinogenic effects, are included in this category. Hallucinogens. LSD, phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine (special K) are examples of hallucinogens. Inhalants. Glue, paint, solvents and nitrous oxide can all be used as inhalant drugs. Opioids. Opioids are narcotic, painkilling drugs produced naturally from opium or made synthetically. This class of drugs includes heroin, morphine, codeine, methadone and oxycodone (Oxycontin

3. Narcotics

4. Narcotics Lower perception of pain Include: Opium Morphine Codeine Oxycodone Heroin

9. Depressants Relax and slow CNS Include: Alcohol - Chloral Hydrates Barbituates - GHB Quaaludes - Rohypnol Relax and slow CNS, inducing sleep, lowering anxiety and reducing inhibitionsRelax and slow CNS, inducing sleep, lowering anxiety and reducing inhibitions

13. Inhalants Nitrites (butyl or amyl) Cyclohexyl nitrite Amyl nitrite Butyl nitrite Gasses Nitrous oxide Ether Chloroform Solvents, paints, sprays and fuels

14. Common Illustrations of Inhalants

17. Hallucinogens Affect serotonin levels Include: LSD - Psilocybin PCP - Mescaline (Peyote) Ketamine Affect serotonin levels, thereby distorting perceptions of reality and levels of conciousness Affect serotonin levels, thereby distorting perceptions of reality and levels of conciousness

19. Club Drugs

22. STEROIDSAnabolic-androgenic steroids are powerful prescription drugs that some athletes use as a way to boost athletic performance and build muscle and body mass. Acne, really bad acne, especially on face and back called roids, juice, hype, or pump. Blood clots and stroke Liver damage, jaundice, or liver cancer Headaches, aching joints, and muscle cramps Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Sleep problems Roid rage"—severe, aggressive behavior that may result in violence, such as fighting or destroying property Severe mood swings Hallucinations—seeing or hearing things that are not really there Paranoia—extreme feelings of mistrust and fear Anxiety and panic attacks Depression and thoughts of suicide I

23. STEROIDS

24. Triple C Other risks associated with dextromethorphan abuse include nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, headache, numbness of fingers and toes, loss of consciousness, seizure, brain damage, and possibly death. Other risks associated with dextromethorphan abuse include nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, headache, numbness of fingers and toes, loss of consciousness, seizure, brain damage, and possibly death.

26. DXM Effects Distorted perceptions of sight & sound Feelings of detachment Separation from the environment Separation from self Euphoric/ dreamlike state

27. Toxicity OTC combination w/ antihistamines, decongestants,acetaminophen, guaifenesin Serotonin syndrome when combined with other Rx / OTC medications Thickeners, glucose toxic to kidneys & pancreas Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness Tolerance and depencance Long term cognitive & motor impairment? Dextromethorphan (DXM)

28. Budder a light green compound made entirely from cannabis buds. It is purported to be the strongest and most potent form of cannabis available. Budder, made by whipping air into hashish oil and freezing it as an oily substance is created. It is more potent than a marijuana joint, as teens will spread it on toast, bread, etc… for a euphoric high!!

29. “CHEESE” cheese is a deadly combination of heroin and cold medicine that is inexpensive to make and easier to use because it can be smoked or snorted rather than injected. It is like "a speed ball" which is a mixture of cocaine and heroin. “Cheese“ is cheap and very easily obtained by taking ie: Tylenol PM and combining it with heroin. provides the same type of "rush" as the "speed ball". The mixture of "cheese" is about 2 to 8 percent heroin which is enough to be extremely dangerous 

30. Looks Like Candy, Devastates Like Hard Drugs Hoping to recruit younger users, drug dealers are creating candy-colored and flavored varieties of crystal meth. Chocolate, peanut butter and strawberry? They're not just ice cream flavors, they are the new taste of meth!! ie: “STRAWBERRY QUIK”

31. 'Skittling' New Drug Of Choice For Some Teens Kids call it "skittling" because Coricidin HBP, a popular over-the-counter cold medication, looks like candy. At $8 a box, it's a cheap, easy way to get high, and a lot of kids know about it.

32. Physical Signs of Abuse Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Abdominal pain Confusion Poor coordination Rapid heart rate Dizziness Inability to move arms & legs Slowed breathing

33. DILATED PUPIL Other drugs, such as marijuana, LSD, cocaine, “shrooms”, and amphetamines cause pupil dilation.[taken from Wikipedia]

34. PUPIL CONSTRICTION Certain drugs cause constriction of the pupils, such as alcohol and opioids.

35. QUICK GUIDE TO SIGNS OF SUBSTANCE USAGE Alcohol: breathe smells like alcohol, dilated pupils, cheerful, noisy, more guts, loss of shyness. Hashish/weed: red eyes, dilated pupils, cheerful, sleepy, slow, ignorant about what has just been said, giggling, hungry, heavy arms and legs. XTC: dilated pupils, cheerful, energetic and talkative. The days after: exhausted, down and empty. Amphetamines: dilated pupils, energetic, talkative, pale, and restless. The days after: down, empty, exhausted and irritated. Cocaine: dilated pupils (not always), go to the toilet often, cheerful, energetic, talkative, reckless, pale, restless, irritated, hot tempered. The days after: down, empty, exhausted. LSD: dilated pupils, weird ideas, hallucinations. Heroin: narrow pupils, almost closed eyelids, a faraway look, passive, quiet, slow breath