Twelfth Night

1. Twelfth Night Group 9 • B9307066 洪偉翔 • B9407066 林元紹 • B9407073 蔡寶嶔 • B9407082 林佳諭 • B9407086 曾蓓蒂 • B9407089 賴沛婕 Dec 20, 2007 VS. Adaption --She’s the Man Passionate Love Cross-dressing Coincidence

2. Table of Contents http://www.theyrecoming.com/leigh/portfolio/scenery/12illyria.shtml • Information --- p.3 ~ p.5 • Introduction: characters, setting, plot --- p.6 ~ p.16 • Metaphor --- p.17 • Literary Terms --- p.18 ~ p.22 • Comparing with the filmic adaption -She’s the Man --- p.23 ~ p.29 • Works Cited--p. 30 • Job list---p. 31

3. Information • It was written possibly as early as 1599, but is usually dated 1601. • The earliest performance record: February 2, 1602 at the Middle Temple. • The major theme of celebration and festivity was prevalent in all of the sources from which Shakespeare drew. http://www.juniortheatre.com/shows/2005-2006/twelfth-night/2006_twelfth_night_poster.jpg

4. Information • Twelfth Night’slight-hearted gaiety喜慶活動is fitting for a play named for the Epiphany主顯日(1/6), the last night in the twelve days after Christmas. • The celebrations of the Renaissance era were a time forplays, banquets, and disguises, when cultural roles were reversed and normal customs playfully subverted. http://www.theyrecoming.com/leigh/portfolio/scenery/12illyria.shtml

5. Information • Sharing similarities with Shakespeare’s other plays: • The Comedy ofErrors identical twins • The Two Gentlemen of Verona A girl dressed as a page, who must woo another woman for the man she loves. http://www.yorku.ca/finearts/theatre/Theatre@York/posters/comedy-of-errors.jpg http://brendoman.com/images/verona.JPG

6. Orsino Duke Orsino & Viola/ Cesario • The Duke of Illyria. He is lovesick for Olivia, and is trying to win her affections. • Orsino’s use of elaborate, poetic language to identify his feelings indicates that he is experiencing courtly love. • He is more devoted to love than he ever is to Olivia, and that his feelings are sterile and lack self-awareness. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Night

7. Quotation of Orsino • “If music be the food of love, play on. Give me excess of it; that surfeiting, the appetite may sicken , and so die.” (Ⅰ.ⅰ.1-3) • “Save in the constant image of the creature, that is belov’d.” (Ⅱ. ⅳ.18, 19-20) Duke Orsino http://www.finelinefeatures.com/twelfth/index.html

8. Viola, Cesario Duke Orsino & Viola/ Cesario • Sebastian’s twin sister. She disguises herself as a page, and courts Olivia for the Duke. • Her disguise as Cesario allows her and the audience to see through the pretenses of characters like Olivia and Orsino. • She can be fatalistic宿命論的in her attitude to time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Night

9. Viola, Cesario • Ⅰ. ⅱ is the first and last time that Viola appears in women’s clothing. • She doesn’t remove her men’s clothing at the end of the play. Quotation: • “Yet a barful strife! Whoe’er I woo, myself would be his wife.” (Ⅰ. ⅳ.42) • “Must untangle this, not I. It is too hard a knot for me t’untie” (Ⅱ. ⅱ.40-41)

10. Olivia • A rich countess. She rejects Orsino’s romantic attention in favor of Viola, whose twin brother (Sebastian) she marries, mistaking him for the page she loves. • Orsino “Beautiful but cruel”; Captain “a virtuous maid”; Viola “Too proud” • She quickly accepts what happens to her as part of her fate. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Night

11. Olivia • Her prolongedperiod of mourning is as artificial as Orsino’s courtly love, and needs to be awakened from her dream world by Viola and Sebastian. Quotation • “Fate, show thy force: ourselves we do not owe; what is decreed must be; and be this so.” (Ⅰ. ⅴ.310-11) Countess Olivia http://www.finelinefeatures.com/twelfth/index.html

12. Other Characters • Curio & Valentine: The Duke’s attendants. They assist Orsino by sending messages for him. • Captain: Viola’s friend. He saves Viola from drowning and assists her in disguising herself as a pageboy. • Sir Toby: Olivia’s uncle. He lives with Olivia, and wants her to marry his friend and benefactor Sir Andrew, in order to maintain a place in her household. Ends up marrying his co-conspirator, Maria. • Maria: Olivia’s gentlewoman. Ends up marrying Sir Toby.

13. Other Characters • Sir Andrew: Sir Toby’s friend. He is manipulated by Sir Toby to romantically pursue Olivia, and finds himself opposing Viola and late Sebastian in a duel for Olivia’s favor. • Feste: A clown. In spite of being a professional fool, Feste often seems the wisest character in the play. Also stands for the playwright. • Malvolio: Olivia’s steward. He is tricked into believing that Olivia is in love with him.

14. Plot 喜歡賽巴斯汀 結婚 追求 Olivia Olivia誤認 Sebastian是Viola 因此和他結婚 主從關係　Viola剛開始對 Orsino的單戀 最後變成互相喜歡

15. Setting Illyria: • An ancient region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea covering parts of modern Croatia, Montenegro and Albania. • Providing romantic atmosphere in this play. • In drama and literature Illyria can be a half-fictional country. • The pronunciation is similar with Elysium天堂. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illyria

16. Shakespeare’s Comedies • Having a happy ending, usually involving marriage for all the unmarried characters, , and a tone and style that is more lighthearted than Shakespeare's other plays. • Shakespearean comedies’ features: • A struggle of young lovers to overcome difficulty that is often presented by elders • Separation and unification • Mistaken identities • A clever servant • Heightened tensions, often within a family • Multiple, intertwining plots • Frequent use of puns

17. Metaphor • It is a play about drowning: in love, in sorrow, in appetite. • Olivia’s gifts: • Ring for Cesario and precious pearl for Sebastian. Jewelry serves as a token of her love. Those are intended almost as bribes. • The darkness of Malvolio’s prison: • madness and his supposed insanity. • Changes of clothing: • Changes in gender and class distinction.

18. Irony 反諷 • Saying one thing and meaning another. • Verbal irony: • A statement in which the literal meaning differs from the implicit meaning.

19. Irony 反諷 • Dramatic irony: • A plot device in which a character holds position or has expectation that is reversed or fulfilled in a way that the character did not expect but that we as readers or as audience members, have anticipated because our knowledge of events or individuals is more complete than the character’s. • Ex. Oedipus Rex.

20. Irony 反諷 • Situational irony: • Accidental events occur that seem oddly appropriate, such as the poetic justice of a pickpocket getting his own pocket picked. • Both the victim and the audience are simultaneously aware of the situation in situational irony. http://brendoman.com/images/verona.JPG

21. Pastoral 田園式的;牧歌 • A poem that describes the simple life of country folk, usually shepherds who love a timeless, painless life in a world full of beauty, music and love. • It usually idealized shepherds' lives in order to create an image of peaceful and uncorrupted existence. • More generally, pastoral describes the simplicity, charm, and serenity attributed to country life, or any literary convention that places kindly, rural people in nature-centered activities. • Typically, pastoral liturgy禮拜儀式 depicts beautiful scenery, carefree shepherds, seductive nymphs有魅力的美女, and rural songs and dances.

22. Green World • A literary concept coined by Canadian critic Northrop Frye. • the main characters escape the order of a city for a forested and wild setting adjacent to the city. This natural environment is often described as a green world. • It is in this more loosely structured, fantastic environment that issues surrounding social order, romantic relationships, and inter-generational strife, which are a prominent part of the "city world", become resolved, facilitating a return to the normal order.

23. 2006 Adapted Movie • Director: Andy Fickman • Starring Amanda Bynes (Viola) & Channing Tatum (Duke Orsino). • Inspired by Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night. • Mixed up element of soccer during World Cup. • http://www.shestheman-themovie.com/home.html http://www.girl.com.au/img/shes_the_man.jpg

24. Characters Duke Orsino & Viola • Duke Orsino: • The soccer team leader in Illyria High School. • He is shy and silent. • Crush on Olivia. • Viola: • The leader of the girls’ soccer team in Cornwall High School. • She is quick, boyish and active. • Falling in love with her roommate, Orsino. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0454945/

25. Characters Sebastian • Olivia: • Studying in Illyria, just broke up with a college guy. • Sensitive, eager to be understood. • Sebastian: • Viola’s twin brother, just transferred to Illyria. • Playing music in London for two weeks. • Can’t play soccer at all. Olivia & Orsino http://portal.gmx.net/images/112/2920112,h=179,pd=1,w=238.jpg http://thecia.com.au/reviews/s/images/she-s-the-man-2.jpg

26. Plot 兄妹 單戀 單戀 湊對 最後交往 Orsion 訓練 Viola 讓她加入足球隊　 交換條件則是撮合他和 Olivia 最後發現 Viola是女生 兩人交往

27. Coincidences • School production: What You Will • The pizza parlor is called Cesario’s • Various characters’ names are the same. Malvolio is Malcolm’s tarantula狼蛛, and Malcolm stands for Malvolio. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0454945/

28. She’s the Man: To join the team. Acting Sebastian and herself. Dressing as a girl and showing up in front of Orsino. Being a messenger because she pretends herself a playboy. After Orsino teaching her playing soccer. Twelfth Night: To get a job. Acting Cesario. Not dressing as a girl. Being a messenger because her looks and voice. Makes the decision to be Duke’s wife at their first meet. Differences and Rationalization

29. She’s the man: Dating. Classmates trying to reveal her identity. Orsino not accepting Viola after her confession but after a few days. Twelfth Night: Marriages No doubting Viola’s female identity. Orsino falling in love with Viola quickly as soon as she confesses herself a girl. Differences and Rationalization http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0454945/

30. Work Cited • http://www.lenagames.com/astra/thumb/deverell_wh_twelfth_night.jpg • http://www.juniortheatre.com/shows/2005-2006/twelfth-night/2006_twelfth_night_poster.jpg • http://tw.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Ftw.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Dtwelfth%2Bnight%2B%26ei%3DUTF-8%26xargs%3D0%26pstart%3D1%26fr%3Dyfp%26b%3D361&w=454&h=314&imgurl=www.theyrecoming.com%2Fleigh%2Fportfolio%2Fscenery%2Fartwork%2F12illyria.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyrecoming.com%2Fleigh%2Fportfolio%2Fscenery%2F12illyria.shtml&size=27.4kB&name=12illyria.jpg&p=twelfth+night&type=jpeg&no=372&tt=32,225&oid=30488607cec957a8&ei=UTF-8 • http://www.finelinefeatures.com/twelfth/index.html • http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%A4%9C_(%E6%88%B2%E5%8A%87) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illyria • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_night • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy • http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_World • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Frye • http://www.winthrop.edu/english/nosearch/core/greenworld.htm • http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0454945/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/She's_the_Man#References_to_Twelfth_Night • http://www.enotes.com/twelfth/image-metaphor-drowning-twelfth-night • http://elearning.hfu.edu.tw/moodle/

31. Job List • Idea discussion: all members • Sources researching: all members • PowerPoint making: Betty Tseng • PowerPoint correction: Frank Houng • Oral presentation: all members

32. The End