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MEMORY PROBLEMS. IS IT EARLY DEMENTIA OR NORMAL AGING?. DEMENTIA. MANY CAUSES: ALZHEIMER’S IS MOST COMMON; STROKES, ANOXIC BRAIN DAMAGE, PARKINSONS 4.9 MILLION AMERICANS TODAY DOUBLING OF THOSE >65 BY 2050 MEANS 10 MILLION OR MORE WILL HAVE DEMENTIA. DEMENTIA. MEMORY PROBLEMS EARLY
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MEMORY PROBLEMS IS IT EARLY DEMENTIA OR NORMAL AGING?
DEMENTIA • MANY CAUSES: ALZHEIMER’S IS MOST COMMON; STROKES, ANOXIC BRAIN DAMAGE, PARKINSONS • 4.9 MILLION AMERICANS TODAY • DOUBLING OF THOSE >65 BY 2050 MEANS 10 MILLION OR MORE WILL HAVE DEMENTIA
DEMENTIA • MEMORY PROBLEMS EARLY • AS DISEASE PROGRESSES, OTHER DOMAINS AFFECTED • JUDGMENT, BEHAVIOR, ADL’S AND EVENTUALLY SPEECH ARE ALL AFFECTED
WORRY ABOUT DEMENTIA • FEAR OF GETTING DEMENTIA • NORMAL AGING CAN CAUSE SOME MEMORY ISSUES • WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NORMAL AGING AND DEMENTIA?
NORMAL BRAIN • AGE AFFECTS ALL ORGANS • LESS BLOOD FLOW TO BRAIN AS YOU AGE • LOSS OF BRAIN CELLS • NEUROTRANSMITTER FUNCTION IMPAIRED
TYPES OF MEMORY • RECALL/RETRIEVAL • CALCULATION • PROCEDURAL-TASKS • FACTUAL MEMORY • EXECUTIVE FUNCTION • ORIENTATION
RECALL • WHAT IS HER NAME? • NORMAL AGING: SLOW RETRIEVAL MAY OCCUR: “SENIOR MOMENT” • ALZHEIMERS: YOU CANNOT RECALL NAME
SLOW RETRIEVAL • A NORMAL CONSEQUENCE OF AGING • THE RIGHT ANSWER WILL COME TO YOU • ANALOGY: COMPUTER SORTING THROUGH FILES
EPISODIC MEMORY • STORING NEW MEMORIES • REMEMBERING TIME AND PLACE, WHEN AND WHERE AN EPISODE HAPPENED • DECLINES SOME WITH NORMAL AGING
EPISODIC MEMORY • DEMENTIA: • GET LOST-CAN’T REMEMBER WHERE THEY ARE GOING • LOSE THINGS-CAN’T REMEMBER WHERE THEY PUT • HARD TO FORM A NEW MEMORY
ORIENTATION • WHO YOU ARE, WHERE YOU ARE, WHEN IT IS • NO CHANGE WITH NORMAL AGING • A COMMON PROBLEM WITH EARLY DEMENTIA
CALCULATION • MANIPULATE SEVERAL PIECES OF INFORMATION • ADD A FEW NUMBERS • COUNT BACKWARD FROM 100 BY 7:100, 93, 86, 79, 72, 65, 58 • SEQUENCES-DRIVING
CALCULATION NORMAL DEMENTIA MAJOR CHANGE CANNOT BALANCE CHECK BOOK GET LOST • SLIGHT CHANGE • BALANCE CHECK BOOK TAKES LONGER
FACTUAL MEMORY • WHO WON THE WORLD SERIES IN 1948? • WHO WAS U.S. PRESIDENT DURING WORLD WAR II? • EITHER IT IS THERE OR IT IS NOT
FACTUAL MEMORY NORMAL DEMENTIA BIG CHANGE CONTEXT HARD TO LEARN NEW FACTS • MILD CHANGE • CAN REMEMBER CONTEXT
FACTUAL MEMORY • NORMAL AGING: NOT MUCH CHANGE • DEMENTIA: REMOTE MEMORIES REMAIN AND CAN BE RETRIEVED; LEARNING NEW FACTS/MEMORIES IS IMPAIRED SIGNIFICANTLY
HOW MANY WITH DEMENTIA LIVE IN USA TODAY?
DID YOU REMEMBER? 4.9 MILLION I BET YOU REMEMBER YOUR GRANDAUGHTER’S BIRTHDAY!
PROCEDURAL MEMORY • LEARNING A TASK LIKE RIDING A BIKE OR • BRUSHING TEETH, SHAVING • LITTLE CHANGE WITH AGE • ONLY IN ADVANCED DEMENTIA IS THERE A DEFICIT
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION • CAN YOU PLAN A MENU, SHOP, AND COOK A MEAL? • CAN YOU PLAN A PARTY, SEND INVITATIONS, PREPARE YOUR HOME FOR THE GUESTS? • CAN YOU MANAGE MONEY?
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION NORMAL DEMENTIA SIGNIFICANT DECLINE SIMPLY CANNOT MANAGE AFFAIRS • AGING DOES AFFECT THIS • ANXIETY DUE TO TASK BEING MORE DIFFICULT
SUMMARY:NORMAL • REMAIN ORIENTED • SOME RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS • SLOWER CALCULATION • FACTS REMEMBERED • NO PROBLEM WITH TASKS • EXECUTIVE FUNCTION?
SUMMARY:DEMENTIA • DISORIENTED PLACE/TIME • RETRIEVAL DIFFICULT TO IMPOSSIBLE • CALCULATION IS POOR • SEQUETIAL TASKS HARDER • FACTS ARE REMEMBERED
SUMMARY:DEMENTIA • DIFFICULTLY LEARNING NEW FACTS AND EPISODES • TASKS OK UNTIL LATE STAGE • EXECUTIVE FUNCTION DECLINES SIGNIFICANTLY