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Psychology 3260: Personality & Social Development. Don Hartmann Spring 2006 Supplementary Lecture 03: Method II. Overview. Developmental Methods of Study (continued) True Experiments Laboratory versus naturalistic Group versus single-subject Developmental Methods
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Psychology 3260: Personality & Social Development Don Hartmann Spring 2006 Supplementary Lecture 03: Method II
Overview • Developmental Methods of Study (continued) • True Experiments • Laboratory versus naturalistic • Group versus single-subject • Developmental Methods • Developmental function vs. Individual Differences (IDs) • The FAT variables: Age, Cohort, & Time of Assessment • The simple designs, their advantages and disadvantages, including confounding • introduction to sequential designs
Evaluating Laboratory Vs. Naturalistic Experiments • Artificiality of Laboratory versus the control it affords over the phenomena studied • Laboratory studies illustrate Bronfenbrenner’s concerns that child psychology is increasing “..the science of the strange behavior of children in strange situations with strange adults.”
Individual Subject Experiments • Randomly assign TV content (either an aggressive or a non-aggressive TV program) to, for example, days for the child (IV) • Measure aggression following the TV program (DV) • The data might look like…
Individual Subject Experiments Aggressive Responses Day
Evaluating Experiments • Clarify the causal connection between variables. • McCall: “…experiments tell us what can cause a developmental change, but do not necessarily identify the factors that actually do cause changes in natural settings.”
Perhaps the Real Answer… • Convergent REPLICATION—or replications that converge! (Remember “Cold Fusion:” When replication failed…like BIG!)