Basic concepts of Community & Health Nursing-I

1. Basic concepts of Community & Health Nursing-I By : Ms.Sadia Farhan Khan C/O Ms.Haji bibi

2. Objectives At the completion of this unit, the students will be able to: • Define Community, Population, Community Health and Community Health Nursing • Discuss characteristics of a community • Identify various types of communities • Describe community Health nurse • Discuss the various roles of community health nurse and primary health care team in community.

3. Group work • Timing: 5 mints preparation to each group • Group I: What is community • Group II: Types of communities • Group III: Define Clinical Nurse • Group IV : Define Community Health Nurse

4. What is a community?

5. What is a community? • A community is where people live. work play.

6. Three types of communities are: • Urban- a large community with many people and large buildings, a city • Suburb- a medium-sized community near a large city, houses are close together, you may see parks and malls • Rural-a community where houses are far apart, there are a smaller number of people, and you may see farms and forests c. 11-02 KL

7. Definition of Community • In biological terms, a community is a group of interacting organisms sharing a populated environment. In human communities, intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, risks, and a number of other conditions may be present and common, affecting the identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.

8. Definition of a “Community” • A cluster of people with at least one common characteristic (geographic location, occupation, ethnicity, housing condition……) • A group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society

9. Cont…. • "community" has been defined as a group of interacting people living in a common location. The word is often used to refer to a group that is organized around common values and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical location, generally in social units larger than a household. The word can also refer to the national community or international community.

10. Definition of population • A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area. • In sociology, population refers to a collection of human beings. (Wikipedia, Downloaded on: 04 April 2011)

11. Difference between community & population • Population is a organism in an ecosystem and community is all of the organisms in a certain area of an ecosystem. • A community is one speciesa population is many species in a region.

12. Difference between community & population • COMMUNITY: the populations of different species that interact in some way are called a community. • POPULATION: all of the individuals of one species that live in the same area at that same time make up a population.

13. Characteristics of a community • Territorial character • Home instinct of special attachment • Common life • Community feeling • feeling of oneness • Role feeling • Dependency feeling • Spontaneous growth • Permanence • Particular name • Wide end • No legal status

14. Types of communities • Primitive community • Civilized community • Rural and urban community (67.7% Rural, 32.3% Urban, 6.6 person/house)

15. Different Types Of Communities • There are, broadly speaking, five different types of communities. • Interest. Communities of people who share the same interest or passion. • Action. Communities of people trying to bring about change. • Place. Communities of people brought together by geographic boundaries. • Practice. Communities of people in the same profession or undertake the same activities. • Circumstance. Communities of people brought together by external events/situations.

16. Community health CH is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health and efficiency through organised effort for: • The sanitation of environment • Control of communicable diseases • Education of the individual on personal hygiene • organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases • The development of social machinery so as to enable every citizen to realize his birth right of health and longevity, to ensure every individual a standard of living, adequate enough for the maintenance of good health.

17. Community Health Nurse • Community health nurse provides direct primary care in setting outside the institution, e.g. the houses, at work place etc. • Public health nurse functions in a community based setting established to address the health problems of specific identified population. RKS 6/1/05

18. Role of CHN Roles & functions of Community Health Nursing collaborator, advisor, consultant, advocate, preventaor of illness, promoters of health, provider of direct care, good observer, potentiator, manager, participant in planning and primary health care practitioner. RKS 6/1/05

19. Settings for CHN Practice • Homes • Community health centres • Schools • Occupational health settings (business and industry) • Residential institutions: Older age residences • Parishes or charitable mosques related organisations • Community at large

20. References • Basvanthapa, B. T. (1998). Community Health Nursing. New Dehli, Lordson publisher. • Ilyias, M., Malik, G. Q., Ansari, M. A., Mubasher, M., Thaver, I. H., BazmiInam, S. N. & Baig, L. A. (2003). Community Medicine & Public Health. Karachi, Time Publisher. • Stanhope & Lancaster, S. (2004). Community Health Nursing. (6th ed). St. Louis. Mosby -Year Book Inc. • Marry Ellen Wurzbach (2004) Community Health Education and Promotion (A Guide to Programe Design & Evaluation)

21. Thank You RKS 6/1/05