Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU

1. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Allen D. Malony (U. Oregon) Sameer Shende (U. Oregon) Craig Rasmussen (LANL) Jaideep Ray (SNL, CA) Matt Sottile (LANL)

2. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Overview • Complexity and performance technology • TAU performance system • Developing performance interfaces for CCA • Performance modeling and prediction issues • Conclusions

3. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Focus on Component Technology • Emerging component technology for HPC and Grid • Component: software object embedding functionality • Component architecture (CA): how components connect • Component framework: implements a CA • Common Component Architecture (CCA) • Standard foundation for scientific component architecture • Component descriptions • Scientific Interface Description Language (SIDL) • CCA ports for component interactions • CCA framework services (CCAFEINE)

4. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Problem Statement How do we create robust and ubiquitous performance technology for the analysis and tuning of component software in the presence of (evolving) complexity challenges? How do we apply performance technology effectively for the variety and diversity of performance problems that arise in the context of CCA components? 

5. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU • Tuning and Analysis Utilities • Performance system framework for scalable parallel and distributed high-performance computing • Targets a general complex system computation model • nodes / contexts / threads • Multi-level: system / software / parallelism • Measurement and analysis abstraction • Integrated toolkit for performance instrumentation, measurement, analysis, and visualization • Portable, configurable performance profiling/tracing facility • Open software approach • University of Oregon, LANL, FZJ Germany • http://www.cs.uoregon.edu/research/paracomp/tau

6. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU TAU Performance System Architecture Paraver EPILOG

7. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU TAU Instrumentation • Flexible instrumentation mechanisms at multiple levels • Source code • Manual (TAU API, CCA Measurement Port API) • automatic using Program Database Toolkit (PDT), OPARI (for OpenMP programs), Babel SIDL compiler (proposed) • Object code • pre-instrumented libraries (e.g., MPI using PMPI) • statically linked • dynamically linked (e.g., Virtual machine instrumentation) • fast breakpoints (compiler generated) • Executable code • dynamic instrumentation (pre-execution) using DynInstAPI

8. Application / Library C / C++ parser Fortran 77/90 parser Program documentation PDBhtml Application component glue IL IL SILOON C / C++ IL analyzer Fortran 77/90 IL analyzer C++ / F90 interoperability CHASM Program Database Files Automatic source instrumentation TAU_instr DUCTAPE Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Program Database Toolkit

9. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Program Database Toolkit (PDT) • Program code analysis framework for developing source-based tools for C99, C++ and F90 [U.Oregon, LANL, FZJ Germany] • High-level interface to source code information • Widely portable: • IBM, SGI, Compaq, HP, Sun, Linux clusters,Windows, Apple, Hitachi, Cray T3E... • Integrated toolkit for source code parsing, database creation, and database query • commercial grade front end parsers (EDG for C99/C++, Mutek for F90) • Intel/KAI C++ headers for std. C++ library distributed with PDT • portable IL analyzer, database format, and access API • open software approach for tool development • Target and integrate multiple source languages • Used in CCA for automated generation of SIDL [CHASM] • Use in TAU to build automated performance instrumentation tools (tau_instrumentor) • Can be used to generate code for performance ports in CCA

10. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Extended Component Design Extended Component Design • PKC: Performance Knowledge Component • POC: Performance Observability Component genericcomponent

11. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Observation • Ability to observe execution performance is important • Empirically-derived performance knowledge • Does not require measurement integration in component • Monitor during execution to make dynamic decisions • Measurement integration is key • Performance observation integration • Component integration: core and variant • Runtime measurement and data collection • On-line and off-line performance analysis

12. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Observation Component (POC) • Performance observation in aperformance-engineeredcomponent model • Functional extension of originalcomponent design ( ) • Include new componentmethods and ports ( ) for othercomponents to access measured performance data • Allow original component to access performance data • Encapsulate as tightly-couple and co-resident performance observation object • POC “provides” port allow use optmized interfaces ( )to access ``internal'' performance observations

13. Timer Event Control Query Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Observation Component Performance Component • One performance component per context • Performance component provides a Measurement Port • Measurement Port allows a user to create and access: • Timer (start/stop, set name/type/group) • Event (trigger) • Control (enable/disable groups) • Query (get functions, metrics, counters, dump to disk) Measurement Port

14. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Component API Measurement Port in CCAFEINE namespace performance { namespace ccaports { class Measurement: public virtual classic::gov::cca::Port { public: virtual ~ Measurement (){} /* Create a Timer */ virtual performance::Timer* createTimer(void) = 0; virtual performance::Timer* createTimer(string name) = 0; virtual performance::Timer* createTimer(string name, string type) = 0; virtual performance::Timer* createTimer(string name, string type, string group) = 0; /* Create a Query interface */ virtual performance::Query* createQuery(void) = 0; /* Create a User Defined Event interface */ virtual performance::Event* createEvent(void) = 0; virtual performance::Event* createEvent(string name) = 0; /** * Create a Control interface for selectively enabling and disabling * the instrumentation based on groups */ virtual performance::Control* createControl(void) = 0; }; }

15. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU CCA Timer Interface namespace performance { class Timer { public: virtual ~Timer() {} /* Start the Timer. Implement these methods in * a derived class to provide required functionality. */ virtual void start(void) = 0; /* Stop the Timer.*/ virtual void stop(void) = 0; virtual void setName(string name) = 0; virtual string getName(void) = 0; virtual void setType(string name) = 0; virtual string getType(void) = 0; /**Set the group name associated with the Timer * (e.g., All MPI calls can be grouped into an "MPI" group)*/ virtual void setGroupName(string name) = 0; virtual string getGroupName(void) = 0; virtual void setGroupId(unsigned long group ) = 0; virtual unsigned long getGroupId(void) = 0; }; }

16. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU CCA Instrumentation Control Interface Control Class Interface namespace performance { class Control { public: ~Control () { } /* Control instrumentation. Enable group Id.*/ virtual void enableGroupId(unsigned long id) = 0; /* Control instrumentation. Disable group Id. */ virtual void disableGroupId(unsigned long id) = 0; /* Control instrumentation. Enable group name. */ virtual void enableGroupName(string name) = 0; /* Control instrumentation. Disable group name.*/ virtual void disableGroupName(string name) = 0; /* Control instrumentation. Enable all groups.*/ virtual void enableAllGroups(void) = 0; /* Control instrumentation. Disable all groups.*/ virtual void disableAllGroups(void) = 0; };}

17. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU CCA Performance Query Interface Query Class Interface namespace performance { class Query { public: virtual ~Query() {} /* Get the list of Timer names */ virtual void getTimerNames(const char **& functionList, int& numFuncs) = 0; /* Get the list of Counter names */ virtual void getCounterNames(const char **& counterList, int& numCounters) = 0; /* getTimerData. Returns lists of metrics.*/ virtual void getTimerData(const char **& inTimerList, int numTimers, double **& counterExclusive, double **& counterInclusive, int*& numCalls, int*& numChildCalls, const char **& counterNames, int& numCounters) = 0; virtual void dumpProfileData(void) = 0; virtual void dumpProfileDataIncremental(void) = 0; // timestamped dump virtual void dumpTimerNames(void) = 0; virtual void dumpTimerData(const char **& inTimerList, int numTimers) = 0; virtual void dumpTimerDataIncremental(const char **& inTimerList, int numTimers) = 0; }; }

18. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU CCA User Defined Event Interface Event Class Interface namespace performance { class Event { public: /** * Destructor */ virtual ~Event() { } /** * Register the name of the event */ virtual void trigger(double data) = 0; /* e.g., size of a message, error in an iteration, memory allocated */ }; }

19. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Measurement Port Implementation • TAU component implements the MeasurementPort • Implements Timer, Control, Query and Control classes • Registers the port with the CCAFEINE framework • Components target the generic MeasurementPort interface • Runtime selection of TAU component during execution • Instrumentation code independent of underlying tool • Instrumentation code independent of measurement choice • TauMeasurement_CCA port implementation uses a specific TAU measurement library

20. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Using the Timer Interface: An Example Using MeasurementPort #include "ports/Measurement_CCA.h"… double MonteCarloIntegrator::integrate (double lowBound, double upBound,int count) { classic::gov::cca::Port * port;double sum = 0.0; // Get Measurement port port = frameworkServices->getPort ("MeasurementPort"); if (port) measurement_m = dynamic_cast < performance::ccaports::Measurement * >(port); if (measurement_m == 0){ cerr << "Connected to something other than a Measurement port"; return -1; } static performance::Timer* t = measurement_m->createTimer( string("IntegrateTimer")); t->start(); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { double x = random_m->getRandomNumber (); sum = sum + function_m->evaluate (x); } t->stop();

21. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU TAU Component in CCAFEINE repository get TauMeasurement repository get Driver repository get MidpointIntegrator repository get MonteCarloIntegrator repository get RandomGenerator repository get LinearFunction repository get NonlinearFunction repository get PiFunction create LinearFunction lin_func create NonlinearFunction nonlin_func create PiFunction pi_func create MonteCarloIntegrator mc_integrator create RandomGenerator rand create TauMeasurement tau connect mc_integrator RandomGeneratorPort rand RandomGeneratorPort connect mc_integrator FunctionPort nonlin_func FunctionPort connect mc_integrator MeasurementPort tau MeasurementPort create Driver driver connect driver IntegratorPort mc_integrator IntegratorPort go driver Go quit

22. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU SIDL interface for Timers // // File: performance.sidl // version performance 1.0; package performance { class Timer { void start(); void stop(); void setName(in string name); string getName(); void setType(in string name); string getType(); void setGroupName(in string name); string getGroupName(); void setGroupId(in long group); long getGroupId(); } }

23. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Using SIDL Interface for Timers // SIDL: #include "performance_Timer.hh" int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { performance::Timer t = performance::Timer::_create(); ... t.setName("Integrate timer"); t.start(); // Computation for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { double x = random_m->getRandomNumber (); sum = sum + function_m->evaluate (x); } ... t.stop(); return 0; }

24. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Knowledge Component • Describe and store “known” component’s performance • Benchmark characterizations in performance database • Empirical or analytical performance models • Saved information about component performance • Use for performance-guided selection and deployment • Use for runtime adaptation • Representation must be in common forms with standard means for accessing the performance information

25. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Performance Knowledge Repository • Component performance repository • Implement in componentarchitecture framework • Similar to CCA componentrepository [Alexandria] • Access by componentinfrastructure • View performance knowledge as component (PKC) • PKC ports give access to performance knowledge • to other components back to original component • Store performance model for performance prediction • Component composition performance knowledge

26. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Component Performance Model • User specified • Inferred automatically by performance tool • Prior performance data • Expression • Parametric model • Estimate performance of a single component by • Querying runtime performance data • Passing this to performance model for evaluation • Integration of performance observation and knowledge components key to runtime selection of components

27. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Applications: Uintah (U. Utah) Scalability analysis

28. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Applications: VTF (ASCI ASAP Caltech) • C++, C, F90, Python • PDT, MPI

29. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Applications: SAMRAI (LLNL) • C++ • PDT, MPI • SAMRAI timers (groups)

30. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU TAU Status • Instrumentation supported: • Source, preprocessor, compiler, MPI, runtime, virtual machine • Languages supported: • C++, C, F90, Java, Python • HPF, ZPL, HPC++, pC++... • Packages supported: • PAPI [UTK], PCL [FZJ] (hardware performance counter access), • Opari, PDT [UO,LANL,FZJ], DyninstAPI [U.Maryland] (instrumentation), • EXPERT, EPILOG[FZJ],Vampir[Pallas], Paraver [CEPBA] (visualization) • Platforms supported: • IBM SP, SGI Origin, Sun, HP Superdome, HP/Compaq Tru64 ES, • Linux clusters (IA-32, IA-64, PowerPC, Alpha), Apple, Windows, • Hitachi SR8000, NEC SX, Cray T3E ... • Compilers suites supported: • GNU, Intel KAI (KCC, KAP/Pro), Intel, SGI, IBM, Compaq,HP, Fujitsu, Hitachi, Sun, Apple, Microsoft, NEC, Cray, PGI, Absoft, … • Thread libraries supported: • Pthreads, SGI sproc, OpenMP, Windows, Java, SMARTS

31. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Concluding Remarks • Complex component systems pose challenging performance analysis problems that require robust methodologies and tools • New performance problems will arise • Instrumentation and measurement • Data analysis and presentation • Diagnosis and tuning • Performance engineered components • Performance knowledge, observation, query and control • Integration of performance technology

32. Performance Technology for Component Software - TAU Support Acknowledgement • TAU and PDT support: • Department of Energy (DOE) • DOE 2000 ACTS contract • DOE MICS contract • DOE ASCI Level 3 (LANL, LLNL) • U. of Utah DOE ASCI Level 1 subcontract • DARPA • NSF National Young Investigator (NYI) award