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ADAPTATIONS NOTES

Explore the concept of adaptation and its importance for organisms to survive and thrive in their environments. Learn about the different types of adaptations, including structural and behavioral, and how organisms can change and evolve over time through natural selection. Discover the role of humans in selective breeding and its impact on the traits of plants and animals.

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ADAPTATIONS NOTES

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  1. ADAPTATIONS NOTES

  2. Name the 5 basic needs of all organisms: • Oxygen • Food • Water • Living space • Proper temperature

  3. What is adapting? To change in order to make “fit” or suitable for an environment.

  4. adaptation An ____________ is any body structure or behavior that helps an organism survive Two Types: structural & behavioral

  5. Structural Adaptations: Physical characteristics that help an organism to survive.

  6. Behavioral Adaptations: Activities performed by an organism to help it survive.

  7. Camouflage ____________________ is an adaptation where an animal can hide by blending in with its surroundings.

  8. Mimicry is an adaptation where one organism imitates another organism.

  9. An instinct is a pattern of behavior that requires no thinking. Organisms know how to do this from birth.

  10. Migration is an instinctive behavior in which some animals move from one place to another for a period of time.

  11. Hibernation is an instinctive behavior in which some animals spend the winter in an inactive condition.

  12. A learned behavior is a behavior that an animal learns through experience.

  13. Is the adaptation structural (S) or behavioral (B)?

  14. A polar bear’s fur STRUCTURAL

  15. A bat eared fox’s big ears STRUCTURAL

  16. Penguins huddling together to stay warm BEHAVIORAL

  17. A moth’s eyespots on its wings STRUCTURAL

  18. Xylem in plants (tube that carries water to top of plant) STRUCTURAL

  19. Geese flying south for the winter BEHAVIORAL

  20. A dormouse hibernating for the winter BEHAVIORAL

  21. Birds having hollow bones STRUCTURAL

  22. Jacana birds build floating nests BEHAVIORAL

  23. A zebra’s stripes help it to hide STRUCTURAL

  24. Sharp claws on a badger help it to dig STRUCTURAL

  25. How do organisms survive when the ENVIRONMENT changes? As a population, they have to adapt …or else!

  26. Natural Selection • Over time, populations change naturally • Gradual process • No human involvement • Beneficial traits- become morecommon • Harmful traits- become lesscommon (and eventually disappear)

  27. Example: Forest trees have both orange and green beetles crawling on leaves. Birds flying over forest trees spot the orange beetles and eat them. The birds don’t eat the green beetles. Over time, orange beetles will eventually become extinct while the green beetles continue to survive and reproduce. • Why didn’t the birds eat the green beetles? • Which color trait was “beneficial” to have? • Which color trait was “harmful” to have?

  28. Selective Breeding • Humans select specific organisms to breed together, in order to get certain “desirable” traits • Humans control this process!!! • Often done by a professional breeder • Types of animals are known as breeds, while types of plants are known as varieties Examples?

  29. Leafy Sea Dragon Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Cabbage Varieties

  30. Teosinte (Corn) Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Bengal Cat

  31. Puggle Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Liger

  32. Zebra (stripes) Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Eyes that rotate in all directions

  33. Camouflaged Lizard Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Black and white moths

  34. READY for the ANSWERS!

  35. Leafy Sea Dragon Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide Cabbage Varieties SELECTIVE BREEDING NATURAL SELECTION

  36. Tesonite (Corn) Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide SELECTIVE BREEDING SELECTIVE BREEDING Bengal Cat

  37. Puggle Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide Liger SELECTIVE BREEDING SELECTIVE BREEDING

  38. zebra Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide Eyes that rotate in all directions NATURAL SELECTION NATURAL SELECTION

  39. Camouflaged Lizard Selective Breeding or Natural Selection …you decide! Black and white moths NATURAL SELECTION NATURAL SELECTION

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