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Culture & Social Structure

Culture & Social Structure. Chapter 2. Culture and Social Structure: Discussion Outline. Components of Culture Cultural Unity and Diversity Social Structure. What is Culture? What identifies culture? Society?. Culture and Society. Culture Learned patterns

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Culture & Social Structure

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  1. Culture & Social Structure Chapter 2

  2. Culture and Social Structure: Discussion Outline • Components of Culture • Cultural Unity and Diversity • Social Structure

  3. What is Culture? What identifies culture? • Society?

  4. Culture and Society • Culture • Learned patterns • Customs, meanings, interpretations • Society: group of people who live within the same territory and share a common culture • Networks of social relations

  5. Types of Culture • Material vs. Non-material? What are the material and nonmaterial cultures of …? • Football • Eating in a restaurant • Fraternities and sororities

  6. Components of Culture • Norms: Social Rules • Social Expectations • “Should”, “ought”, and “must” (Not?)=Social Control • Sex, Property, and Safety • Are norms subjective or objective features of society?

  7. Components: Types of norms • Folkways • Mores • Laws • How are these types of norms enforced in society?

  8. Components • Values: broad ideas regarding what is desirable, correct, and good that most members of a society share • How we evaluate and make important choices in the social world and culture in which we live • Can values change overtime? • What are some American values? • Beauty?

  9. Components • Symbols • Different forms • Gestures • Language • The linguistic relativity hypothesis

  10. Cultural Unity and Diversity • Are there aspects of life that appear in all known societies? • Can you think of any values, beliefs, and aspects of American culture that are contradictory? • I.e.: Historical example-A founding American belief in “human equality” and the practice of slavery

  11. Cultural Unity and Diversity • Ethnocentrism • Is it functional? • Cultural Relativism • Value free and neutral • Which Founding father?

  12. Cultural Unity and Diversity • Subcultures and Countercultures

  13. Social Structure • Socialstructure: interweaving of people’s interactions and relationships in more or less recurrent, stable patterns • Provides organized and focused quality to group experiences and members to achieve collective purposes

  14. Social Structure • Institutions: principal social structure that organizes, directs, and executes essential tasks of living • Established and enduring patterns of social relationships • The 5 traditional social institutions • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5

  15. Social Structure • Status:a position within group or society • Ascribedstatus: assigned by group or society • Achievedstatus: secured on basis of individual choice and competition • Masterstatus: core status that carries primary weight in person’s interactions and relationships with others

  16. Social Structure • Roles: sets of culturally defined rights and duties • Role performance: actual behavior of the person who occupies a status • Roleset: multiple roles attached to a single status • Duties: actions others can legitimately insist we perform • Rights: actions we can legitimately insist others perform

  17. Sociological Perspectives on Culture • Functionalist • Conflict • Feminist • Symbolic Interactionist

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