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Exploring Science: Observation, Inference, and Problem Solving

Discover the wonders of science through observation, inference, and problem-solving techniques. Learn about branches of science, types of observations, theories, and laws. Enhance your scientific thinking skills!

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Exploring Science: Observation, Inference, and Problem Solving

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  1. What is Science? Chapter 1

  2. Science: • The observation and investigation of the natural world

  3. Branches of Science • Earth and Space Science • Life Science • Physical Science

  4. PhysicalScience • The study of matter and energy

  5. Physical Science a. Physics: The study of energy and its effects on matter

  6. Physical Science b. Chemistry- the study of the structure of matter and the changes it undergoes due to energy.

  7. Two types of science • pure science • applied science

  8. Pure Science (Observation) • Studying a subject to learn more about it

  9. 2 types of Observations: Qualitative observation: describe features of the object (color, shape, smell, etc) Quantitative observation: describe an amount of a feature (involves numbers)

  10. How many animals can you find? Earth by Giuseppe Arcimboldo

  11. Ten Friends by D.L. Rust. Find the missing friend.

  12. Inference: Logical guess based on some evidence.

  13. Infer what season you think it is.

  14. http://www.slideshare.net/cmsdsquires/inference-and-observation-activity-presentationhttp://www.slideshare.net/cmsdsquires/inference-and-observation-activity-presentation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdwDOL34LIA • http://viscog.beckman.illinois.edu/flashmovie/15.php

  15. Applied Science (Technology) • turning observations into inventions • Examples: • cars, eyeglasses, etc. Technology

  16. Turning observations into inferences • Take out a piece of notebook paper • Write down as many observations about each slide as you can. • Make an inference about what you think the next few slide will show. http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu/powersof10/index.html

  17. Measuring w/ a ruler

  18. Theory – a well-tested explanation for observations or results Ex. Theory of how dinosaurs became extinct

  19. Scientific Law – describes an observed pattern in nature Ex. Law of gravity

  20. What does a scientist do? • Make Observations • Ask Questions, Be Curious • Solve Problems

  21. The End

  22. Problem Solving or Looking for the answer ?

  23. Solve the Problem (3 steps) • 1) Gather Information • 2) Plan a Strategy • 3) Make a Prediction

  24. 1) Gather Information • Look for any patterns • Has anyone else had the problem • Have you ever had the problem

  25. 2) Plan a Strategy • Figure out the potential solutions • Can you test the potential solutions one at a time

  26. 3) Make a Prediction • Keep it simple at first • It should be testable

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