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Heritage tourism

Cultural Heritage Tourism: A Potential Adaptation Strategy to Climate Change in the Limpopo Basin: Case studies of Northeast and Bobirwa Districts - Botswana: AF42. Heritage tourism.

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Heritage tourism

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  1. Cultural Heritage Tourism: A Potential Adaptation Strategy to Climate Change in the Limpopo Basin: Case studies of Northeast and Bobirwa Districts - Botswana: AF42

  2. Heritage tourism • it involves seeking an encounter with natives or feeling part of the history of a place. E.g. visitors to art galleries seek an encounter with beauty, uniqueness, authenticity and exclusiveness whilst visitors to museum are seeking discovery, novelty, diversity and knowledge (Hall, 1995). • cultural practices eg rainmaking rituals, storytelling, witchcraft etc

  3. In its purest form, ecotourism • *minimises negative social, cultural and ecological impacts • Non consumptive eg photography, • *empowers local communities in conservation and management of natural and cultural resources. • *brings economic benefits to local communities and directs revenue to local people living in and around protected areas, and • *increases revenues for protected areas

  4. Overview of Tourism in Botswana • 2nd revenue earner after mining and contributes 5.8% to GDP • The rich wildlife and wilderness assets • Ranks high in wildlife resources in Southern Africa e.g. numbers and variety and less crowded parks • World class wilderness of the Kalahari desert

  5. Botswana,s major tourism product • Wildlife • Wilderness • Okavango Delta

  6. Tourism and Climate Change • Many areas of the Tourism industry rely on the climate, natural/semi-natural and cultural environment of a region to attract tourists.

  7. Main objective - to assess the extent to which cultural heritage tourism could become a possible adaptation strategy to climate change in the greater Limpopo Basin – Botswana

  8. Case Study 1: Bobirwa Sub-District and The Tuli Block Area • Economic activity – focus on the growing of millet and sorghum, rearing cattle and goats • Phane caterpillar (lack of rain in 2002/2003) • Arable land is scarce • A larger proportion of the area is privately owned (farms, private reserves, game farms) • Recurrent droughts, which led to • Fluctuations and decline of livestock in recent years

  9. Cattle trends in the case study areas

  10. Changing Status of key Wildlife Species in the Kalahari from 1978 to 1994 (Perkins and Ringrose, 1996)

  11. Wildlife Resources in both study areas • Decline & very Low Wildlife Resources in Communal Land Increases & Fluctuations in Freehold Land

  12. Wildlife eg lions Variety of birds unspoilt landscape inimitable pebbles- shiny and unique colour found in Bobonong Limpopo River The unique natural landscape Outback/Remoteness Unique architecture History Lifestyle, language, religion The rich cultural heritage Traditional songs/music and dances Art and music, Poetry, folklore, Local food Handicrafts traditional costumes Rock paintings Available Ecotourism Resources: Natural and Cultural Resources in both study sites

  13. Unique Site in Moroka village

  14. Ecotourism: Bobirwa Sub-District and The Tuli Block: The existing Tourism Resources and Activities • The Zebra dance troupe (women dancers) in Mathathane • The goat dogs in Lentswe – Le – Moriti (unique & a niche for the village) • Handicraft shelter built in Motlhabaneng (new) • Lepokole Hills Project – Mapanda Conservation Trust formed in 2001 with the help of KCS

  15. Ecotourism: Bobirwa Sub-District and The Tuli Block: The existing Tourism Resources and Activities • Solomon’s Wall with rich history • Unique rock outcrops/sandstone pedestals in Lentswe – Le - Moriti • Matshekge Hills (Natural Twin towers) • Wildlife of Mashatu G. Reserve is diverse • Mokolwane tree hyphaene petersiana • Lodges and campsites • Talana Farms & ancient farm houses and implements, farm tourism

  16. Who benefits most from tourism in your area?

  17. Ownership of tourism related Enterprise – North East District

  18. Level of Ecotourism/Tourism Awareness in the Bobirwa Sub-Dis

  19. Case Study 2: North East District and Francistown: existing Resources and activities • Rich cultural heritage resources • Eg Domboshaba cultural valley • Domboshaba Ruins • Matanga cultural site • Modumela ecolodge and game park • Moroka Zezeru pottery (since the 1960 droughts) • Mapoka Tjilenje Group • Historic city of Francistown • Supa Ngwao Museum

  20. Visitor Statistics 1999 to 2002 : Supa - Ngwao Museum in Francistown • Highest numbers recorded in 1999 (2160) • 1462 visitors recorded in 2002 • With highest numbers recorded in August in all years - school recess

  21. Visitor Trends to Domboshaba Ruins:July 1997 to 2002 (North East) • July to December 1997 = 267 visitors • Jan to Dec. 1998 = 741 visitors • Jan to Dec. 2002 = 2314 visitors • Growth with no marketing except WOM • No tourism related developments

  22. Tourist numbers to Matsieng Cultural heritage Sites (1999 to 2001) in Kgatleng

  23. Benefits (Northeast & Bobirwa-Tuli Block sites) • Employment opportunities eg 198 people employed in lodges, Campsites and game reserves in the Tuli area alone • Recreation facilities eg Supa ngwao museum, Domboshaba site, Modumela Lodge (camping, picnics, game drives), • Revival of local cultures and traditions (not significant) • Craft production (shelter in Motlhabaneg • Accommodation (campsites to upmarket lodges) • Conference facilities

  24. Benefits (Northeast & Bobirwa-Tuli Block sites): Tourism related developments e.g • Limpopo Valley Airfield (Air Botswana, chartered flights • Game Park (on-going dev.) in Francistown • Game Farm (on – going dev.) between Tshesebe and Mosojane • Tourism Offices in Francistown and Selebi Phikwe - New (marketing and promoting) • Conservation initiatives (Wildlife, wilderness, cultural assets )

  25. Challenges? • Most tourist resources in eastern Botswana are underutilized eg in 1998, 75% international tourist visited the popular Okavango region whilst only 2.8% visited eastern part (BTDP,2000) • Short length of stay - • Tourism awareness/ understanding - critical. • Communities seem to place more value on arts tourism (contemporary art production)

  26. Challenges? • Lack of skilled manpower (project management, finance, bookkeeping, marketing etc • Lack of monetary resources (& skills to access funds) • divert focus from wildlife tourism to historic and other cultural related resources • A larger proportion of the land on the hands of - non- citizen • Lack of business spirit amongst the locals (Government handouts) • Travel, tourism and HIV/AIDS

  27. Plans • More community workshops, meetings(info dissemination • Tourism Awareness programs • Training and introduction of CBT • Assist communities to establish cultural village as part of CBT • Use GIS to map out tourism sites/attractions in the Limpopo Basin –Botswana • Produce promotional maps, brochures,videos of eastern Botswana • ,

  28. Eco-Tourism in both Study sites:Opportunities Development of holidays linked with culture and environment • Development of culturalproducts (myths, legends, stories, folklore) • Target regional, international & domestic tourists • Accessibility (SA, Namibia, Zimb.) • Rigorous promotion of domestic tourism

  29. Eco-Tourism in both Study sites:Opportunities • Preservation of cultural heritage resources eg provide package tours to heritage sites in the area eg Fort Motloutse, Majande Ruins, Domboshaba, Museums, monuments etc • Encourage the locals to build huts using available local material eg stones/rocks, grass/log and mud huts, modelled on traditional Babirwa and Kalanga architecture (small scale) • Has the potential to create employment, reduce poverty, and curb rural-urban migration

  30. Thank You ubrigado Ke a leboga Dankie Siabonga Asante

  31. Eco-Tourism in both Study sites:Opportunities • Share knowledge with tourists about their villages, cultural practices eg rainmaking rituals, storytelling, witchcraft etc  Raise awareness among locals of the benefits and opportunities that tourism can bring. especially among the youth

  32. Visitor Numbers to Phuthadikobo Museum in Kgatleng

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