Dr. B. N. Waghmare Department of English Yeshwantrao Chavan College Tuljapur .

1. Dr. B. N. WaghmareDepartment of EnglishYeshwantraoChavan College Tuljapur. Presents A PPT On Parts of Speech

2. Parts of SpeechWhat is speech?Speech is the activity of uttering articulate sounds or words to communicate. • Communication or Conversation- • Exchange of ideas through talking or writing. • Language or gesture*:Mediums of Communication. ‘Gesture’is a motion of body one made to emphasize speech. • Sentence – A Grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate. • Word - • Word is a smallest & meaning unit of language.

3. What is the Parts of speech? • Words are divided into eight different categories. They are known as the parts of speech. These are - • Nouns 5) Adverbs • Pronouns 6) Conjunctions • Adjectives 7) Prepositions • Verbs 8) Interjections

4. Nouns.Definitions and examples. • Noun is the word that can be refer to a person, place or a thing, substance, phenomenon, quality, or idea. • It is one of the basic parts of speech in all languages including English. Examples: • Rajanwas confident of his job. • I last mate him at the college. • Her sister had taken the packet. • John was a foolto expect sympathy. • That was the night of rainingand lightning. etc. Thus, The maximum words comprised into this category.

5. Pronouns.Definitions and examples. • Pronouns are the words which come instead of the nouns. • Pronouns play a key role in avoiding repetition of nouns and contributing cohesion in writing and speaking. Examples: • Personal Pronouns: I, we, you, they, he she it, her, our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs etc. • Reflective Pronouns: myself, yourself, herself, himself etc. • Demonstrative Pronouns: this, these, that, those etc. • Distributive Pronouns: each, either, neither etc. • Interrogative Pronouns & Relative Pronouns: who, whom, what, which, whose etc. • Indefinite Pronouns: someone, somebody etc. • Reciprocal Pronouns:. each other, one another etc.

6. Adjectives.Definitions and examples. • Adjectives are the words which qualify the meaning of nouns by indicating their quality, quantity, number and host of other things. • These are the words which throw light on the nouns and make them special. • Examples- 1)Quality: good, old, fat etc. 2)Quantity: some, much, many etc. 3)Number: one, ten, hundred etc. 4)Demonstrative: this, that, these those 5)Distributive: each, every, either neither etc. 6)Interrogative: Whose house is this? What writer do you prefer to read? Which dramatist do you like?

7. Verbs.Definitions and examples. • Verbs are the words what indicates what the subject is, has, does or what is done to it. • Verb is the soul of sentence. Sentence depend upon verbs for their grammatical correctness. 1) Rahulis a manager. (What the subject is?) 2) He has a car. (What the subject has?) 3) He works for his company. (What the subject does? 4) He is respected by his staff. (What is done to the subject?)

8. Adverbs.Definitions and examples. • Adverbs are the words which modify various sentence elements. • Generally adverbs speak about the verbs in a clear way. It conveys the way of action by the subject. Examples. 1) Manner:- slowly, carefully, hurriedly etc. 2) Place: in , out, here, there etc. 3) Time:-at 09 pm, yesterday, in June etc. 4) Frequency:-once, twice, thrice, etc. 5) Degree:- partially, completely etc. 6)Reason:- so, hence etc. 7)Negative adverbs:- hardly, seldom, rarely etc.

9. Prepositions.Definitions and examples. • Prepositions are the words which come along with nouns and connect them to various sentence elements. Examples. There are six functional types of prepositions - • Manner - by, with etc. • Place - behind, beside, under etc. • Time - at, on, by etc. • Reason or Purpose - for, with, of etc. • Possession - of, with, by etc. • Direction or motion - towards, around, into etc.

10. Conjunctions.Definitions and examples. • Conjunctions are the words which connects different grammatical units like words, phrases, clauses and sentences and sentence elements. Examples. They bought both flowersandfruits. He painted the wall andthe compound. Mary is wiseas well as honest. He won the race slowlybutsteadily. The tourist not only saw the zoo but alsothe museum. He seems awake , for there is light in his room. He said that he is a mechanic. I don’t know if the office is open?

11. Interjections.Definitions and examples. • Interjections are the words which express sudden and strong emotion of joy, surprise, sorrow, fear, anger etc. • These words are grammatically separated from the sentences and come along with exclamatory symbols. • Hurrah! We have won the tournament. • Hi! What brings you here? • Alas! Poor guy. • Oh! That’s Fantastic. • Hush! Keep quiet.

12. Conclusion. • Parts of Speech is the fundamental and functional part of grammar that helps us to know English grammar thoroughly. • We can do exercises to identify the parts of speech in sentences by marking the words. • No word is possible from outside of these eight categories of parts of speech.

13. Book Recommended • English Grammar: A Book of Sentence Structure & Vocabulary - SavitaManihotra • English Grammar : Made Easy- M.P. Joshi • English Grammar Practice- Raj N. Bakshi

14. Thank You!