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Camilla Kleban & Dr Linda K Kaye @ LindaKKaye Edge Hill University, UK Linda K Kaye

Camilla Kleban & Dr Linda K Kaye @ LindaKKaye Edge Hill University, UK Linda K Kaye. Psychological experiences and outcomes of engaging in Second Life for individuals with physical disabilities. Second Life. Motivations. Outcomes- all bad?. ?. Leisure. Leisure outcomes. Aims.

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Camilla Kleban & Dr Linda K Kaye @ LindaKKaye Edge Hill University, UK Linda K Kaye

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  1. Camilla Kleban & Dr Linda K Kaye @LindaKKaye Edge Hill University, UK Linda K Kaye Psychological experiences and outcomes of engaging in Second Life for individuals with physical disabilities

  2. Second Life

  3. Motivations

  4. Outcomes- all bad? ?

  5. Leisure

  6. Leisure outcomes

  7. Aims • To what extent do individuals with physical disabilities use Second Life as a form of leisure activity? • What are the motivations and experiences of engaging in Second Life for these individuals? • What are the psychological outcomes of engaging in Second Life for these individuals?

  8. Method All participants were residents in SL for at least 4 years Averaged spending 26 hours per week on SL (ranging from 8-50 hours per week)

  9. Results- Psychological Outcomes Quality of Life Self-esteem Perception of equality Rehabilitation Self-discovery

  10. Quality of Life “It’s part of my life, I would have much less of a life without it.” (Male, 48, stroke patient) “I live for 8am.’’ (Time on SL) ‘’It’s the most important thing to me, minus my family of course.” (Male, 48, stroke patient) “I own and operate a radio show (In-world), it’s fun for sure and rewarding” (Male, 48, recovering from stroke)

  11. Self-esteem “I have fewer confidence hang-ups in here.” (Female, 38, double amputee) “It’s definitely a plus on the self -esteem.” (Male, 48, stroke patient) “I’m very outgoing in SL, in RL I’m a lot more introverted.” (Male, 48, stroke patient)

  12. Perception of equality “It frees a lot of us, and puts us on more equal footing” (Female, 38, double amputee) “Here they don’t see the MS” (Male, 41, Multiple sclerosis) “When I was young I went out a lot I was usually the first person many met in a wheelchair, it would take some a while to treat me normal, here it doesn’t.” (Female, 62, wheelchair bound)

  13. Rehabilitation “I came into SL, found I couldn't bear to see myself as a walking Avatar and discovered there was a disability community here that was beginning to thrive.... this is where I did a lot of my learning to be disabled, if that makes sense?”(Female, 38, double amputee) “I kind of had to evolve that way early on, then stuck with it as an act of... self-belief I suppose, as I began to settle into the new skin” (Female, 38 double amputee)

  14. Self-discovery “Early on, especially when I was feeling pretty dire about myself as a woman, I found this place I could experiment.” (Female, 38, double amputee) “SL has become a tool to explore my own psyche.” (Male, 41, double amputee)

  15. Results- Motivations Opportunities Environmental Social

  16. Environmental Opportunities “I have always used a wheelchair, I don’t have to here.” (Female, 62, wheelchair bound) “I can dance here.” (Female, 38, double amputee) “Dancing or good sex tends to be easier for me in SL.” (Female, 38, double amputee) “I was a musician a lot before my stroke, so I love the music opportunities in SL” (Male, 48, Stroke patient)

  17. Social Opportunities “I enjoy meeting folks from all over the world” (Male, 75, double amputee) “Well I have few real life close friends, mainly family” (Male, 41, stroke patient) “I’m more active (socially) in world.” (Male, 41, Multiple sclerosis) “Also it serves to deal with the loneliness that I feel at times” (Male, 41, double amputee)

  18. Discussion • Offline contexts can be restrictive and often discriminatory • Second Life offers a safe environment  enhances confidence, provides equality and allows rediscovery • Quality of life, self-esteem and recreational therapy • Rewarding form of leisure, providing opportunities  general well-being

  19. Overview MOTIVATIONS EXPERIENCES OUTCOMES Quality of life Social opportunities Perception of equality Self-esteem Self-discovery Environmental opportunities Rehabilitation

  20. If you’re interested....... Kleban, C., & Kaye, L. K. (under review). Psychological experiences and outcomes of engaging in Second Life for individuals with physical disabilities. Manuscript submitted to Journal of Virtual Worlds Research

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