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Our Sun

Discover the gravitational forces, seasons, and lunar phases that shape our solar system. Learn how Earth's tilt and orbit affect its climate, while the Moon's phases are influenced by its revolution around Earth. Explore the phenomena of eclipses and the importance of sunlight angles in creating the changing seasons.

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Our Sun

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  1. Our Sun https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HoTK_Gqi2Q

  2. THE SOLAR SYSTEM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fifw3r4ZqYA&index=9&list=PLKzoGSdQ-Ql7ZxQt2Zja01Bs0ioLp6ZJa

  3. The Sun’s gravity is what holds our solar system together. • Since the Sun contains more mass than the other planets or objects. • Everything in our solar system orbit around the sun

  4. Gravity is the tendency of objects with mass to accelerate towards each other • Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces (interactions) in nature. GRAVITY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kw51KiZhm0I

  5. EARTH

  6. Planet Earth Planet Earth https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCDVN7DCzYE

  7. Earth is the only planet known to support living organisms. Earth’s surface is composed of 71% water. • Water is necessary for life on Earth. • The oceans help maintain Earth’s stable temperatures. Earth has one moon and an oxygen rich atmosphere. Earth

  8. What Causes Day and Night? • Earth is a sphere. Therefore, half of the Earth is illuminated at all times. • The side facing the Sun experiences day • The side facing away from the Sun has night. Day Night

  9. The side facing the Sun experiences day Day

  10. The side facing away from the Sun has night Night

  11. Vertical Axis Earth’s Axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from vertical Tilted at 23.5 degrees

  12. b) Energy travels less distance through atmosphere and is more direct so is less spread and more concentrated = warmer a) Energy travels further distance through atmosphere and is more indirect so spreads out = cooler temps.

  13. Earth rotates (spins) on its axis. • This allows sunlight to shine on different parts of Earth. • Earth rotates once every 24 hours = 1 Day

  14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m__qvGxW12I Seasons https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10Jzw1hjOv4

  15. Earth’s Revolution Earth revolves (orbits) around the Sun once every 365 ¼ days = 1 year. Every 4th year a day is added…LEAP YEAR. Autumn Summer Winter Elliptical orbit (oval) Spring

  16. What Causes Seasons on Earth? • Earth’s spherical shape causes energy to hit at different angles causing direct or indirect sunlight. • Earth is titled at 23.5 ˚ on its axis • Since Earth revolves around the Sun, some places get direct and indirect sunlight at different times in the orbit. Anywhere above or below the equatorial region has seasons (23.5 degrees N or S latitude)

  17. Vertical Axis Earth’s Axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from vertical Tilted at 23.5 degrees

  18. b) Energy travels less distance through atmosphere and is more direct so is less spread and more concentrated = warmer a) Energy travels further distance through atmosphere and is more indirect so spreads out = cooler temps.

  19. Direct vs. Indirect Sunlight Because of Earth’s spherical shape, the light that reaches from the Sun hits at angles. These angles of light are known as either: Direct or Indirect sunlight. Indirect = more spread = less intense energy Direct = focused on smaller area = more intense energy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iisj2kTZIFs

  20. Northern hemisphere tilted toward the Sun = more direct sunlight = longer days = higher avg. temps.

  21. Northern hemisphere tilted away from the Sun = less direct (indirect) sunlight = shorter days = lower avg. temps.

  22. Seasons…in a nut shell

  23. Spring • 3rd Position (Northern Hemisphere) • 1st (Southern Hemisphere)

  24. Summer • 4th Position (Northern Hemisphere) • 2nd Position (Southern Hemisphere) • Summer is the hottest

  25. Autumn (Fall) • 1st Position (Northern Hemisphere) • 3rd Position (Southern Hemisphere) • Autumn is the season where leaves are changing color and falling

  26. Winter • 2nd Position (Northern Hemisphere) • 4th Position (Southern Hemisphere) • Winter is the coldest

  27. Know the difference between Northern and Southern Hemisphere! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tX3Y5bzNDiU

  28. Our Moon https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AviDjR9mmo

  29. The revolution of the Moon around the Earth causes the Moon to appear to have phases. • When the moon is closest to Earth, it is about 221,463 miles away. • Like Earth, the moon rotates on its axis. Unlike Earth, the moon takes approximately 29 days to complete one rotation. Why does the moon have phases?

  30. Even though the moon rotates,the same side of the moon always faces the Earth. • The moon does not give off its own light. It is the sun reflecting off the surface of the moon that creates light. • As the moon orbits Earth, its position in the sky changes which produces the different phases of the moon we see each month. Why does the moon have phases? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4ZHdzl6ZWg

  31. New Moon • Waxing Crescent • First Quarter or Half Moon • Waxing Gibbous • Full Moon • Waning Gibbous • Last Quarter or Half Moon • Waning Crescent 8 Phases of the Moon https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBc8QHSsFgE&index=1&list=PLZ4AdXbjKCiehqUvBsfUJo3cHPPw8-yIR

  32. An eclipse occurs any time something passes in front of the Sun, blocking its light. This can be the Earth or the Moon. What is an eclipse?

  33. The moon is not visible from Earth. The moon is between the Sun and the Earth. • The dark side is facing us. • This phase lasts one night. New Moon

  34. Solar Eclipse can only occur during the new moon phase when under the right circumstances https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxrLRbkOwKs

  35. Total Solar Eclipse – can only occur if you are at the exact spot within the moon’s umbra (which isn’t very big). Total Solar Eclipse – can only occur if you are at the exact spot within the moon’s umbra (which isn’t very big).

  36. Waxing means that the bright side is increasing. The right side is the bright side. • Less than one half of the moon is illuminated. • This phase includes any visible moon from a small sliver to almost half. Waxing Crescent

  37. The entire right side of the moon is illuminated. • The moon looks like a half circle. • The illuminated side is increasing. • This phase only lasts one night. First Quarter or Half Moon

  38. Gibbous means that more than one half is visible, but it is not quite full. • This phase includes the night after the first quarter to the night before the full moon. Waxing Gibbous

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