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The SIMD Concept. Data/Frame Memory. PE N. Instruction Memory. PE 0. PE 1. PE 2. PE 3. … …. Control. Interconnect. Embedded Computer Architecture. SIMD: XETAL and IMAP. 5KK73 TU/e Henk Corporaal Bart Mesman. Xetal-II Philips, NXP, TU/e. CPLD. XETAL-II. 8051. SRAM. ZigBee.
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The SIMD Concept Data/Frame Memory PE N Instruction Memory PE 0 PE 1 PE 2 PE 3 … … Control Interconnect
Embedded Computer Architecture SIMD: XETAL and IMAP 5KK73 TU/e Henk Corporaal Bart Mesman
CPLD XETAL-II 8051 SRAM ZigBee Xetal-II
DOP DIP Frame Memory (2048 lines x 320 words) In Out Sequential I/O Memory (2 lines x 320 words) OMEM,LUT (240 kb) IMEM (240 kb) Linear Processor Array (320 PEs) GPI Data (2k x 16b) Program (16k x 56b) GPO I2C Xetal-II Processor • 600 mW • 90 nm CMOS • 53.5 GOPS (arithmetic only) @ 84MHz • Best computationalefficient programmable silicon in 2007 [Kleihorst, et al.2007]
Xetal-II Memory Access All PEs access the same line of the Frame Memory
IMAP Series Processors (NEC) Peak Performance(GOPS) ISSCC’03 1000 IMAP-CE 100MHz, 128PE/Chip 4-Way VLIW+MAC, 100GOPS (-40℃~85℃), 0.13 um, <2Watt 100MHz, 128PE/Chip 4-Way VLIW ,50GOPS 0.18um, 2~4Watt 100 IMAPCAR ISSCC’95 (PE8: eight PEs integration block) 10 11.0mm IMAP-2 CAMP’97 DPLL EXTIF 40MHz, 64PE/Chip IMAP-VISION PE8 PE8 PE8 40MHz, 32PE/Chip 1 PE8 PE8 PE8 CP 11.0mm IMAP-1 15MHz, 8PE /Chip PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 0.1 PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 IMAP-CE(32.7M Tr, 0.18um) Year [Shorin Kyo, et al.2005]
IMAPCAR Block Diagram and Features 12.8 GByte/s ALUx1,MULx1,LOGx1,LSUx1 0.8 GByte/s To/Fr other PEs To/Fr CP To/Fr IMEM EMEM 0 IMEM 4 Way VLIW PE EMEM 1 IMEM 4 Way VLIW PE LOG MUL ADD RDU LSU COMM External Mem. I/F EMEM 24 x 8b General Purpose Registers 127 EMEM IMEM 4 Way VLIW PE 128 SR0 Control Processor (CP) SR1 Video OUT SR2 P$,D$,STK RAM SR3 Host Processor Video IN • 128 4-Way VLIW PEs • < 2W @ 100MHz • 130nm CMOS • 128 individual RAM blocks
IMAPCAR Memory Access: local addressing support Each PE could access different lines of the Memory Requires separate memory module per PE
XC Core: SIMD/MIMD 90nm CMOS, 108MHz [Shorin Kyo, et al.2009]
Xetal-Pro Memory Access • Characteristics: • 320 single-issue PEs • 80GOPS @ 125MHz • 65nm CMOS • 1pJ/op at sub-threshold All PEs access the same line of the Scratchpad Memory or Frame Memory