Teachers’ Language and Classroom Interaction

1. Teachers’ Language and Classroom Interaction Harbin Institute of Technology Foreign Language College Zhao yuqin Meng Xuemei

2. 《水知道答案》 • 《水知道答案》是 • 一本与《时间简史》 • 同样神奇的科普 • 读物。本书用122 • 张前所未见的水结 • 晶照片，向世人展 • 示了一项独一无二的科 • 学观察：水能听，水能 • 看，水知道生命的答案！

3. 看过“爱与感谢”几个字的水所形成的结晶。这样的水结晶充满了喜悦，并形成 像盛开的鲜花一样的模样

4. 爱与感谢 • 当水“看”到“爱与感谢”时，会呈现出几乎接近完美的结晶，让人们联想到“爱”与“感谢”本是宇宙存在与人际关系的基本原则，美好的情感与心念会对世界产生有益的影响，所以，我们更应该多一些“爱与感谢”。这也回答了“世界为什么需要赞美”的疑问。

5. 听到“浑蛋”的水结晶

6. 《水知道答案》 • 研究员进而在装水的瓶壁上贴上不同的字或照片让水“看”，看到"谢谢"两个字的水结晶，非常清晰地呈现出美丽的六角形；而看到"浑蛋"两个字的水结晶，像听到重金属音乐的水那样，破碎而零散。

7. 《水知道答案》 • 这项震惊世界的实验由日本研究水结晶的I.H.M综合研究所的江本胜博士主持，已进行了10年。所有的这些风姿各异的水结晶照片都是在零下5度的冷室中以高速摄影的方式拍摄而成.

8. I. Introduction • 1.The connotation of the teacher’s language • Teachers’ language refers to the use of the language, the target language of learner, adopted by the teacher English teachers’ language includes classroom English, instruction English, teacher-student interaction language and the language of teachers’ modification. • English teachers’ language is used to instruct language communication and organize classroom activities. • In class teachers’ language can be divided into two types: content language and medium language • Teachers’ language is most powerful, even magic.

9. 2.Interactionprinciples: • Automaticity: • Intrinsic motivation: • Strategic investment: • Risk-taking: • Interlanguage: • Teachers’ language and interaction in EFL classroom

10. 3. Psychological Factors and ETL • According to Noam Chomsky, Universal Grammar in each person’s brain enables him or her to acquire language from birth. “ Their motive, needs, attitudes and emotional state filter what they hear and therefore affect the rate and quality of language learning ” (Davis, 2002:139~143). • Performances with self-confidence and good self-image tend to do better in SLA and low anxiety appears to be conductive to SLA, whether measured as personal or classroom anxiety (Krashen, 1981). • English teachers’ language could positively affect students’ motivation, extrinsic or intrinsic. Appropriate teachers’ language can inspire the learners’ expectancy, interests and motivation; on the other hand, some learners can also be affected by the negatively by teachers’ language.

11. 4. Turn - taking and ETL • Another reason causing the problem of the teacher-dominant class is the turn taking of pragmatics in EFL teachers’ language. • The classroom has very ordered turn taking under the control of the teacher, and pupils rarely speak out of turns.

12. II. The study • Class observation of teachers’ language: • Ten English teachers from Harbin Institute Technology are observed during their English class. All of them are chosen randomly. • The survey • 102 EFL first-year students from Harbin Institute of Technology were asked to write a composition on the topic of “The Effect of Teachers’ Language on My performance in class”.

13. III. Discussion • EFL classroom is teacher-centered • The teachers and learners in classroom communication are unequal • teachers are regarded as Their language in the classroom authorities • The classroomlacks meaningful interaction between teachers’ language and learner output.

14. IV. Suggested Strategies for promoting Interaction in EFL Classroom • Strategies for Breaking Students’ Silence • Strategies for Treating Students’ Anxiety • Strategies for Treating Students’ Self-esteem • Strategies for Treating Students’ Errors

15. V. Summary • These strategies may help EFL teachers attach more attention on teacher-student interaction and provide opportunities, or arouse their interests, motivation, self-reflective awareness so that they can conduct their own classroom researches to solve the problems in their class.

16. 注: 本文是根据2004年硕士毕业论文整理完成的,在此感谢我的导师王桂芝教授,指导教师贾玉新教授,李小红教授,刘长远教授. • 目前,又申报了黑龙江省教育厅新世纪高等教育教学改革工程项目,周华,王彬宏,朱晓辉老师做了大量的工作. • 本文并不仅是个人的研究成果, 是集体智慧的结晶,在此向他们的努力工作表示衷心的感谢.