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The Fall of the House of Troy

The Fall of the House of Troy. King Priam and Queen Hecuba Son, Hector Daughter Cassandra Very beautiful Caught the attention of Apollo Offers her the gift of prophecy in exchange for romantic favors She accepts the gift, but does not sleep with him. The Fall of the House of Troy.

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The Fall of the House of Troy

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  1. The Fall of the House of Troy • King Priam and Queen Hecuba • Son, Hector • Daughter Cassandra • Very beautiful • Caught the attention of Apollo • Offers her the gift of prophecy in exchange for romantic favors • She accepts the gift, but does not sleep with him

  2. The Fall of the House of Troy • Daughter Cassandra • Apollo curses Cassie: allows her to keep the gift, but adds the curse that nobody will believe her • Most people considered her insane

  3. Hecuba pregnant again • Hecuba dreams that she gives birth to a flaming torch • Version 1: Aesacus the dream to mean that the child will be the downfall of Troy • Version 2: Cassandra predicts that the child will be the downfall of Troy, and that he must be killed

  4. What to do? • The baby is born, named Paris • Priam takes the child, gives him to a servant, and orders that he be abandoned in the hills

  5. The Trojan War

  6. Sources: • Virgil • Aeneid, 19 BC • Homer • Iliad, 710 BC

  7. The Real War • 1260-1240 BC

  8. The Story • It starts in Sparta • King Tyndareus & Queen Leda • 2 sets of twins • Castor & Pollux (z) • Clytemnestra & Helen (z)

  9. Helen • Most beautiful mortal woman • Many suitors from all over the world come to try and win her hand

  10. Some of the Suitors • Agamemnon, King of Mycenae • Oldest son of Atreus and Aerope • Comes to represent his brother, Menelaus • Marries Clytemnestra himself • Ambitious and power hungry • Lycomedes, King of Scyros • Some say he pushed Theseus off the cliff

  11. Some of the Suitors • Odysseus, King of Ithaca • Only suitor who did not bring lavish gifts • Known for cleverness more than strength • Ajax, son of Telamon • Telamon, King of Aegina, and Periboea • Was an Argonaut • Brother of Peleus

  12. Some of the Suitors • Diomedes of Argos (not mares) • Name means god-like cunning • Advised by Zeus • Idomeneus • Cretan military commander • Grandson of Minos, son of Cleopatra

  13. Gee, thanks guys, but you really shouldn’t have… • Tyndareus worried they will fight over Helen, cannot choose. Will not accept any of the gifts.

  14. You saw this coming right? • YES!! There was a PROPHECY!! • Thetis, Goddess/Sea Nymph • Zeus receives a prophecy that says an immortal son of Thetis will overthrow Zeus

  15. Shouldn’t he know better by now? • Zeus tries to defeat the prophesy • Arranges a marriage between Thetis and Peleus

  16. Peleus: The perfect groom • Peleus (the Argonaut) • Son of Aeacus, King of Aegina • Friend of Hercules • Brother of Telamon

  17. Peleus: The perfect groom? • Peleus and Telamon kill their brother, Phocus, in a hunting accident • They flee Aegina to avoid punishment • In Phthia, Peleus is purified by King Eurytion and marries princess Antigone • Has a daughter, Polydora

  18. Peleus: Not again… • Peleus accidentally kills his father-in-law, Eurytion, in yet another hunting accident • He then flees Phthia to avoid punishment • Goes to Iolcos, and is purified by Acastus • So it’s all better, right?

  19. More trouble… • In Iolcos, Queen Astydameia falls in love with Peleus • Peleus is faithful to his wife, Antigone, and refuses her advances

  20. A woman scorned… • Astydameia sends a letter to Antigone (forged, from King Acastus) • Letter says that Peleus will marry the daughter of Acastus • Antigone believes the lie and hangs herself • Astydameia then tells Acastus that Peleus tried to rape her

  21. He did what? • Acastus takes Peleus on a hunting trip • During the trip, Acastus hides Peleus’ sword, then abandons him • Peleus attacked by centaurs • Sources differ - either Chiron or Hermes returns the sword, and Peleus escapes

  22. Revenge! • Peleus returns to Iolcus, pillages the city, kills Acastus and dismembers Astydameia, then marches his army between the severed limbs • The kingdom passed to Jason’s son, Thessalus

  23. Let’s recap… • Peleus’ crimes include • Third degree murder • Attempting to elude an officer • Evading pursuit • Third degree murder • Attempting to elude an officer • Evading pursuit • First degree murder (royalty) • Atrocities/war crimes • Destruction of public and private property • Inciting riot

  24. Back to the wedding… • The bride is a goddess, and Zeus was the wedding planner, so all of the gods and goddesses are invited • …except one.

  25. Eris / Discordia • Goddess of strife, discord, contention, and rivalry • Demon of strife and bloodshed, haunted battlefields, delighted in human bloodshed • Maleficent? • Hermes was to stand guard and refuse her entry

  26. Eris cont. • Really into golden apples • Rolled an apple in front of Herc • Whenever Herc struck it, the apple grew • Athena told him, fighting discord makes it grow, leave it alone and it stays small

  27. Back to the wedding (again) • When Eris is refused entry, she produces a golden apple inscribed with the word kallisti - “to the fairest.” (Snow White?) • She rolls/tosses the apple in amongst the wedding party. • Hera, Aphrodite, and Athena all see it, each claiming it was meant for her.

  28. To the rescue… • Zeus takes the apple and hurls it off Mt. Olympus. More on this later.

  29. The happy couple • Thetis and Peleus are married. The first 6 pregnancies end in death. The 7th child is called Achilles. • Thetis wants him to become immortal. She rubs ambrosia on his body and holds him over a fire, but Peleus stops her.

  30. Invincibility • Option 1: Thetis kills a dragon, takes baby Achilles by the heel, and dips him in dragon blood - Ach becomes impenetrable to weapons • Option 2: Thetis takes Ach by the heel and dips him in the River Styx - same result

  31. Discovery • When Peleus finds out, Thetis is angered and flees to the sea. • Achilles is raised and trained by the Centaur Chiron (are we really surprised?)

  32. Back to Troy: Choice or Chance? • Version 1: Zeus throws the Apple off of Olympus, Paris catches it by chance, and is thereby declared judge of “the fairest” • Version 2: Zeus deliberately chose Paris as judge due to his fairness. (Recently chose Ares – in bull form – over his own bull)

  33. Decisions, decisions... • The three goddesses bathe in the spring of Ida, and Paris arrives for the judging • Each of the goddesses attempts to bribe Paris

  34. What's behind Door #1? • Hera – I'll make you king of Europe and Asia (the known world at that time) • Athena – Wisdom and skill in war: you'll never lose a battle • Aprhodite – I'll give you the most beautiful woman in the world

  35. Aph. had help • Karis (Grace) – goddess of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity, and fertility • Aglaea (splendor) • Euphrosyne (mirth) • Thalia (good cheer) • Known to Romans as Gratiae (graces)

  36. And more help... • The Horae – goddesses of seasons and time • Originally nature, but became order and natural justice • Given the attributes of spring flowers, fragrance, and graceful freshness

  37. Go claim your prize! • Oh, by the way, she's already married, but that's okay!

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