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Nationalism and Supreme Court Power in Early 1800s America

Explore how nationalism influenced the Supreme Court's role in boosting national power and economic control in early 1800s America. Learn about key cases like McCulloch v. Maryland and their impact on state powers and national laws.

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Nationalism and Supreme Court Power in Early 1800s America

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  1. Section 2 Nationalism at Center Stage October 20, 2014 Nationalism exerts a strong influence in the courts, foreign affairs, and westward expansion in the early 1800s. NEXT

  2. SECTION 2 Nationalism at Center Stage The Supreme Court Boosts National Power Strengthening Government Economic Control • Gibbons v. Ogden: federal government controls interstate commerce • McCulloch v. Maryland: state cannot overturn laws passed by Congress Limiting State Powers • Marshall Court blocks state interference in business, commerce • Fletcher v. Peck: voids Georgia law violating right to make contract • Dartmouth College v. Woodward: state cannot interfere with contracts NEXT

  3. McCulloch V. Maryland1819

  4. Background Info/Facts • Second National Bank established in Maryland • Many people opposed the bank being established in the state of Maryland so… • Maryland placed a tax on the bank since it was residing in the state of MD • James McCulloch (bank clerk) wasn’t obeying the tax • McCulloch taken to court and was ruled against for breaking state law of NOT imposing the tax * Case appealed to the highest court level in MD and went to Supreme Court

  5. Amendment/Issue Challenged • National Law V. State Law • Does congress have the power to establish a bank in the state of Maryland?? - Does the state of MD have the power to tax the bank for being established??

  6. RULING • Congress HAS the power to establish a national bank in the state of Maryland! • Maryland DOES NOT have the power to tax the bank! * taxing a national institution is an indirect tax on citizens of other states  UNCONSTITUTIONAL!

  7. Significance States are bound to obey the Constitution under the SupremacyClause(Supreme Law of Land) (Article VI, Clause 2) * Necessary and Proper Clause – establishing banks is not listed in Const., but to do what is “necessary and proper” to carry out commerce and monetary issues is! • (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18)

  8. SECTION 2 Map Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy Territory and Boundaries • Nationalism—national interests come before region, foreign concerns • Secretary of State John Quincy Adams guided by nationalism - makes treaties with Britain on Great Lakes, borders, territories • Spain cedes Florida to U.S. in Adams-Onís Treaty - gives up claim to Oregon Territory Continued . . . NEXT

  9. SECTION 2 continuedNationalism Shapes Foreign Policy The Monroe Doctrine • Spain, Portugal claim old colonies; Russia has trading posts in CA • Monroe Doctrine (1823) warns Europe not to interfere in Americas - U.S. will not interfere with Europe NEXT

  10. SECTION 2 Nationalism Pushes America West • Expansion to the West • Most settlers go west for land, economic opportunity • Possible to change jobs; Jim Beckwourth is trader, scout, rancher The Missouri Compromise • When territory’s population reaches 60,000 may apply for statehood • Missouri Compromise—preserves balance between slave, free states - Maine admitted into Union as free state, Missouri as slave state - divides Louisiana Territory at 3630’ line: slavery legal in south NEXT

  11. Activity Video Segment http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_Ja-4rsB3A

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