WAVES Conference - 2012

1. WAVES Conference - 2012 July 13,14 and 15, 2012, U Mass Dartmouth WAVES conference 2012

2. Presentation Topic Globalization – A vehicle for homogenization of the world Author : ANKUR KAKKAR 10/4/2014 WAVES conference 2012 2

3. “Globalization is often framed in terms and structures that emerged under Western domination of the world in the past 500 years …… founded on the beliefs and values of the unique historical and religious experience of the peoples of European origin”Malhotra, Rajiv. 2011. Being Different – An Indian Challenge to Western Universalism. United States of America. Harper Collins. (p 14) This presentation aims :- To trace the rise and spread of globalization (in modern times), and thereby explain how it is not a global but a specific western phenomenon, To contrast western globalization with eastern (especially Indian) globalization, AND 3. To search for sustainable alternatives to (western) globalization. 10/4/2014 3 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

4. Thomas Friedman classifies globalization into 3 timelines. Globalization 1.0 ( 1492 – 1900) “Your highness, as catholic Christians, and princes who love and promote the holy Christian faith, and are enemies of the doctrine of Mahomet, and of all idolatry and heresy, determined to send me, Christopher Columbus, to the above-mentioned countries of India, to see the said princes, people, and territories, and to learn their disposition and the proper method of converting them to our holy faith; and furthermore ……” – entry from the journal of Christopher Columbus on his voyage of 1492 10/4/2014 4 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

5. Globalization 2.0 (1800 – 2000) Industrial revolution : Cotton and England Imperialism : Market Exploitation and Cash Crops “the foreign manufacturer employed the imperialistic arm to strangle a competitor with whom he could not have contended on equal terms.” – H. H. Wilson Globalization 3.0 (2000 – present) Flat world : Free trade and Capitalism ( David Ricardo and Adam Smith) Mainstream economics : Misconceptions and Limitations 10/4/2014 5 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

6. Globalization : The philosophical roots “The revolutionary impulse that first appeared (in Europe) was directed not against the state… but against the church…. The impulse first appears in the sacred sedition of heresy….” - Martin Malia ( History’s Locomotives ) 10/4/2014 6 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

7. The contrast : Western Globalization Vs Eastern Globalization 10/4/2014 7 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

8. Search for sustainable alternatives • Why we need an alternative :- • Current crises around the world are compelling us - hence it is a necessity for our survival • Western Universalism is destroying the diversity of indigenous knowledge systems. • Where to look for an alternative :- • Gandhi’s concept of Swadeshi. • Swaraj - self-respect, self-realisation and self-reliance. • Ethos of Hindu Civilization – merely repeated by Gandhi 10/4/2014 8 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

9. Traditional Water Harvesting Systems • India's Golden Desert – how they harvest rainwater. • Anupam Mishra’s tremendous efforts. • Indigenous wisdom : found water for drinking and irrigation in extremely arid landscapes. • Every community should be self-sustainable. 10/4/2014 9 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth

10. THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE. 10/4/2014 10 WAVES, July 2012 U Mass, Dartmouth