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Chapter 10

A Canadian Province Modernization and Change. Chapter 10. Economic Diversification. Smallwood used the surplus left from the C o G to build new industries. These industries were to be sold and the money used to build other new industries.

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Chapter 10

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  1. A Canadian Province Modernization and Change Chapter 10

  2. Economic Diversification Smallwood used the surplus left from the C o G to build new industries

  3. These industries were to be sold and the money used to build other new industries

  4. Most of these industries were not successful and the surplus was soon gone

  5. Fishery The fishery modernized after confederation using bigger boats and synthetic nets

  6. Foreign fleets caught over 80% of the fish caught

  7. Overfishing caused a decline in cod stocks

  8. Forestry and Agrifoods Modern forestry equipment meant more wood could be cut by fewer people

  9. Larger mechanized farms employ 6000 people and is worth 500 million dollars

  10. Mining Most of the mines developed before confederation closed leaving people unemployed and some with industrial diseases

  11. Large mines in Labrador mine iron ore and nickel and several small mines operate on the island

  12. Manufacturing and Construction Many traditional manufacturing companies closed because they could not compete with mainland companies

  13. Government turned to mega-projects to diversify the economy and provide jobs

  14. The Trans Canada Highway was completed in 1965

  15. Fish Processing Fish processing changed from salt fish to fresh fish processed in modern plants

  16. Steady wages improved lifestyles but most fish was shipped as frozen blocks rather than finished products

  17. Quebec refused NL the right to transmit Churchill Falls power across its territory

  18. The Canadian gov’t refused to intervene, even though in other parts of Canada this was allowed

  19. NL finally agreed to sell the power to Quebec at a set price until 2016, later increased to 2041

  20. During the 1970’s the price of energy increased dramatically and Quebec has made huge profits while NL has made little

  21. Transportation The railway was closed and the highway system was given money to improve in exchange

  22. Resettlement The resettlement program ran in 2 phases from 1949 to the early 1970’s

  23. NLhad over 1200 communities, 573 of which had 30 families or less

  24. Many of these were isolated without roads, electricity, indoor plumbing, healthcare facilities or modern schools

  25. Gov’t wanted people to move because it was easier to provide to these new Growth Centers

  26. The new improved fishing technology meant that people did not need to be close to the fishing grounds as before

  27. People wanted to stay for many reasons such as • Independence • Prospects were better where they were • They owned their homes D. They didn’t want gov’ttelling them what to do E. They had emotional attachments

  28. To encourage people to move, the gov’t : • Cut electricity • No teachers • No priests

  29. Between 1954 and 1975, 300 communities were abandoned with 30 000 people resettled

  30. Economic changes after 1971 The economy was in crisis in the 1970’s and 1980’s with unemployment rates of 20%

  31. Cod stocks crashed and in 1992 caused a moratorium - a freeze on catching cod fish, was implemented

  32. Outmigration is the moving of people out of the province - Over 60,000 people left NL

  33. This difference between in-migration and out-migration is known as net migration

  34. Labor There were two landmark strikes in Newfoundland and Labrador

  35. A 1959 logger’s strike in Badger ended when a RNC officer was killed. This led to the decertification of the I.W.A logger’s union``

  36. It did improve the wages and living conditions of the loggers

  37. A fisheries strike at Burgeo in 1971-72 led to fishermen getting new rights and a big improvement in wages and standard of living

  38. Oil The discovery of the Hibernia offshore oil well in 1979 began the province’s oil industry.

  39. The White Rose Field and the Terra Nova Field are now in operation and the Hebron Field is beginning to be developed.

  40. The Atlantic Accord signed with Ottawa was supposed to give Newfoundland special rights but has been downgraded

  41. Two major disasters have occurred in the offshore oil industry. The Ocean Ranger sank in a storm on February 15, 1982 with the loss of 84 lives.

  42. The Cougar Helicopter crash on March12, 2009 killing 17 people

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