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Foreign Labor. Pumpkin, Claire, Michelle, Shana, Kevin, Nancy. Introduction. Not only south-east Asian blue-collar workers Compared to the white-collar, the blue-collar is Institutionally discriminated not protected by 勞基法 Better to call “migrant worker” ( 移工 ).
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Foreign Labor Pumpkin, Claire, Michelle, Shana, Kevin, Nancy
Introduction • Not only south-east Asian blue-collar workers • Compared to the white-collar, the blue-collar is Institutionally discriminated not protected by 勞基法 • Better to call “migrant worker” (移工)
Reasonstousherinthemigrantworkers: • “Supplement” inadequate domestic workers • Expansion of higher education • Changesofwork values
Employer apply for official qualification Employer signs with agency Interview Foreign agency advertise to attract workers Come to Taiwan Workers apply for exit
The Barthel Index consists of 10 items that measure a person's daily functioning specifically the activities of daily living and mobility.
THE INCENTIVES High wages Ambitious expectation New life
High Wages • Low-developed countries : Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippine…etc. • Few opportunity to find a job • A job with poor salary • The massive difference in different currency.
Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) and New Taiwan Dollars (NTD) currency exchange rate • The Indonesian Rupiah is the currency in Indonesia (ID, IDN). The symbol for IDR can be written Rp. • 1.0 TWD = 285.714285714 IDR • 300 IDR = 1.05 TWD
Vietnamese đồng and New Taiwan Dollars (NTD) currency exchange rate • The đồng is the currency of Vietnam. • 100.0 VND = 0.1683 TWD • 1.0 TWD = 594.125574 VND
Ambitious Expectation • Great Ambition. • Working abroad as a glory. • A sense of achievement. New Life • Miserable lives in original countries. • Look forward to the developed and high-civilized society. • Get rid off the local burdens and limitations.
Quota • Maximum control: 3 native labors1 foreign labor • Not allow to change employer at will • Employment Services Act: if the employer deceased, he/she can transfer to work for new employer within 2 months; otherwise, he/she should be repatriated.
Problems • Agents: rather repatriate the foreign worker to get new quota and earn the agency fee • Case: Ask the foreign labor to run errands notify the police of “escape” the foreign labor being caught, repatriated the agent apply for new quota
Agency Fee • Council of Labor Affairs: no more than the foreign labor’s base pay (15,840) • Illegal agency: range from90,000~200,000 • Deduct from the foreign labor’s payment directly (usually include some excessive/illegal charge) • Also need to pay for native country's agency
How Much do They Get? • 3 years’ income: around 750,000= base pay 15,840/month + overtime 88~132/hr + incentive pay 1,000~2,000/month + average pay 21,000/month • 3 years’ expense: around 450,000 = agency fee 120,000 + administrative expenses 60,000 + health checkup 9,000 + residence permit charge 3,000 + board and lodging 108,000 + labor/health insurance 14,040 + air ticket per year 24,000 + forced savings 108,000+ living expenses 36,000 • After working for 3 years: • 750,000 – 450,000 = 300,000
In Reality… • Insufficient payment • Improper deduction by agent • Without basic labor/health insurance • Without deserved rest/holiday • Residence permit/passport/cell phone are detained by agent • Example: Joseph’s story
Conclusion • Unreasonable high agency fee • Forbid to change employer at will • Inhuman management/exploitation the main reason that cause foreign labors to run away A foreign labor who worked as a fisherman, trying to escape from the mean agent but fall from the third floor, seriously injured.
Discrimination • Three Indonesian Muslim workers forced to eat pork in Taiwan –AP,10 May 2010 • Abuse case shows lack of knowledge of Muslim culture: Arab officials -CAN,22 May 2010
Discrimination • Employer asks Muslim migrant labor tofill out a guarantee before they work: • Able to eat pork • Able to take care of dogs • Not to perform salat
Maltreatment • Work more than 18hours a day • Be imprisoned to prevent from running away • Take care of employer’s life after work
1 9 5 5 • Four languages: Thai, Vietnamese, Filipino and Indonesian • To help migrant labor out for discrimination and maltreatment • Cases are handled by local government Not Efficient
Native vs. Foreign • Native labors don’t take the 3D jobs. (3D: Dirty, Difficult, Dangerous)
Woman and Domestic Labor • The traditional pressure of housekeeping • The outsourcing chain of domestic labor Taiwan woman (richer)↓hire Philippine woman (normal)↓hirePhilippine woman (poorer)
Concerns • Runaway • Crime • Self-identification(e.g. cultural or racial superiority, good mothers and good wives)
The Story of Culture: to be, or not to be a Taiwanese
Background insufficient working opportunities better working condition higher salary
Official Activities— SongkranFestival Songkran Festival in Chung-Ho
Business Exchange Market Philippine Street Burban Street Thai Street
Religion ST. Christoph Church on Chung-Shan North Road The mosque on Hsin-Sheng South Road
Discussion • 1. How do you view the trend of foreign brides? • 2. Is there any foreign bride live close to your neighborhood? How do you feel about them? • 3. After listening to our presentation, what do you think that we can do to improve this situation?
4. Talk about your impression or experience about foreign labor in Taiwan. 5. After you graduate, you get married and have to go to work. You need a domestic helper to take care of your housework and kids. Would you prefer hiring a native worker or a foreign worker? Why? 6. Do you think that the foreign labors influence the unemployment rate in Taiwan? 7. Imagine someday you cannot find a job in Taiwan, and you heard there is plenty of domestic helper jobs in Mainland China or Japan . How high should the salary be for you to accept the job?
Grade your group: • Group leaders give a grade to each of your group members at the end of the day. • Rules: • Grade on a bell curve • Only 1 person can get an A • One person must get below a B