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History of the Periodic Table of the Elements (CHEM 1360) Part 2. REDISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENTS — following ancient footsteps. European element discovery sites. The Highlands in Scotland. The Road to Strontian. Up from Strontian to the Mine. Entrance to the Mine. Searching for a vein.
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History of the Periodic Table of the Elements (CHEM 1360) Part 2
REDISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENTS — following ancient footsteps
Up from Strontian to the Mine Entrance to the Mine
Searching for a vein Climbing down into the Mine
Early Mankind discovers a new substance with ductile, rather than brittle, failure
Gold, most highly desired of the metals because of its eternal nature Nubians deliver gold to their King (Temple in Thebes)
Sankt Joachim, Bohemia — now Jáchymov, Czech Republic
The Canaanites (Hittites) with “iron chariots” in the Book of Judges Copper vase from Cyprus (Cyprus = cuprum)
The origin of the concept of “element” or “principle” Plato and Aristotle espouse a logical universe
The Discovery of Phosphorus
The Birth of Science There was a Beginning. . . . There are Natural Causes. . . . God works through Natural Law Aqua fortis Spiritus salus Blue vitrol Liver of sulphur Manna mercuri Flowers of zinc etc., etc. . . . Alchemical discoveries Religious philosophy By reason you can arrive at the truth, even when it is not intuitively obvious. . . . Greek logic
The Birth of Science By experimentation and careful reasoning we can arrive at these laws and ultimate understanding. . . . Religious philosophy Alchemical discoveries Greek logic
Falun Mine, Sweden — major copper mine that served the early miners
Averting the Gnomes in the dark caves. . . . The German word for gnome is “Kobold” Cobaltite, CoAsS
The German word “Kupfernickel” means copper devil Annabergite, Ni3(AsO4)2•8H2O Nicollite, NiAs
Klatschmondblumen, Harz Mountains, Germany
Tilkerode, East Harz Mountains — selenium-rich ore, source of thallium
Minimum, Pb3O4 Cerrusite, PbCO3, “white wax” Lead ores
Mercury ore “sweating” quicksilver
Gypsies panning and collecting gold in fleece (Daniel Edward Clarke, Nagyag, Romania, 1802)